An experimental study on the stability and thermal conductivity of water-ethylene glycol/TiO2-MWCNTs hybrid nanofluid: Developing a new correlation

Akhgar, Alireza; Toghraie, Davood

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2018.07.086

Cited by 181 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It was observed that thermal conductivity of 3 vol% silica nanofluid increased by 38.2% at 55 °C compared to the base fluid. Akhgar and Toghraie [10] investigated effects of volume fraction and temperature on thermal conductivity of water-ethylene glycol-TiO 2 -MWCNT hybrid nanofluid, and they found that compared with the base fluid, the thermal conductivity of the 1 vol% hybrid nanofluid was enhanced by 38.7% at 55 °C. In addition, the viscosity of a nanofluid shows significant influence on the heat transfer enhancement, and many researchers focused their interests in the nanofluid viscosity, and they found that the viscosity of the nanofluid was affected by the nanoparticle size, volume fraction, shear rate, temperature, and aggregate size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of various surfactants on stability and thermophysical properties of nanofluids

Wang

et al. 2020

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The effect of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the viscosity of a nanofluid is experimentally investigated from 278 to 313 K by changing the nanoparticle volume fraction. These nanoparticles were put into distilled water with various surfactants, i.e., Colace (docusate sodium), trisodium citrate dihydrate (TSC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), acacia senegal (GA), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and sodium laurylsulfonate (SLS). Based on the present measurements, new empirical formulas are proposed for Fe 3 O 4-water, CNT-water and Fe 3 O 4-CNT-water nanofluids to provide accurate predictions for the nanofluid viscosity. Based on the viscosity testing, stabilities and thermal conductivities of Fe 3 O 4-TMAH, Fe 3 O 4-Colace, Fe 3 O 4-TSC, CNT-SDS, CNT-GA, Fe 3 O 4-CNT-SLS, and Fe 3 O 4-CNT-TSC nanofluids with a volume concentration of 0.5% are investigated in the present research. Results indicate that better stability, smaller viscosity, and higher thermal conductivity are obtained, when the surfactants TMAH, SDS, and SLS are added into the Fe 3 O 4-water, CNT-water, and the Fe 3 O 4-CNT-water nanofluid, respectively. The CNT-water and Fe 3 O 4-CNT-water nanofluids exhibit a shear-thinning behavior, whereas a linear rheological behavior can be observed by water-based Colace-Fe 3 O 4 , TMAH-Fe 3 O 4 , and TSC-Fe 3 O 4 nanofluids. Keywords Nanofluid • Thermal conductivity • Carbon nanotube • Viscosity • Surfactant List of symbols k Thermal conductivity (W m −1 K −1) T Temperature (K) U Uncertainty Greek symbols θ Surfactant ratio fraction μ Dynamic viscosity (Pa s) φ Nanoparticle volume fraction Subscripts f Base fluid nf Nanofluid

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of various surfactants on stability and thermophysical properties of nanofluids

Wang

et al. 2020

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…For hydrothermal features of cooling methods, many investigations have assessed different micro HSs for laminar and turbulent flow employing air, water, and nanofluids as Newtonian and non‐Newtonian are commonly used. These cooling approaches have been developed by the following techniques—straight flat plate fins, wavy plate fins, vortex generator, grooved tubes, inclined solid ribs, porous media, two‐phase flow, and magnetic field . All these attempts are enhanced by the thermohydraulic performance of different HS designs for more reduction in the weight and volume of electronic, electrical, and solar systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional computational comparison of mini‐pinned heat sinks using different nanofluids: Part two—energy and exergy characteristics

Al‐damook

Alfellag

Khalil

2019

Heat Trans. Asian Res.

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The energy and exergy characteristics of 3D-pinned heat sink (HS) designs have been computationally compared as the second part of a three-part investigation. Different pin profiles, such as circular, square, triangular, strip and elliptic pins, and without pin HS are conducted with three different types of nanofluids-Al 2 O 3 -water, SiO 2 -water, and CuO-water for laminar forced convection. The concentrations of nanofluids vary from 0 to 5 vol% with different Reynolds numbers ranging between 100 and 1000. The finite volume method employing the SIMPLE algorithm for a computational solution is applied to solve the Navier-Stokes and energy equations. Four criterions studies are explained-energy efficiency, exergy loss, and exergy efficiency of HSs with pressure drop. The results showed that the highest energy and exergy efficiencies are nearly 76% and 57%, respectively, for elliptic-pinned HSs using pure water, while about 82% and 62% using 5 vol% of SiO 2 -water nanofluids. Besides, the elliptic-pinned HSs have a favorable reduction in the exergy loss, nearly 17% using 5 vol% of SiO 2 -water nanofluids. Subsequently, the elliptic-pinned HS is recommended to apply with pure water considering the development in pressure drop required. However, the elliptic-pinned HSs could be employed with 5 vol% of SiO 2 -water nanofluids regardless of the development in pressure drop required for thermal energy dissipation applications with more exergy efficiency and reduction of exergy loss. K E Y W O R D Sdifferent nanofluids, different pinned heat sinks, energy and exergy characteristics, exergy loss, thermal energy enhancement

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“…In 1995, the Argonne National Laboratory proposed to disperse metal or nonmetal particles in water or organic solvents to form a stable suspension solution, which can improve the thermal conductivity of the base liquid. It has been verified by many scholars such as Akhgar [7], Kakavandi [8], Aparna [9], Hamid [10], and so on. The nanofluids stability is affected by the nanoparticles, base fluid, and dispersant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of Nanofluids on Boiling Heat Transfer Performance

Yao

Teng

2019

Applied Sciences

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At present, there are many applications of nanofluids whose research results are fruitful. Nanofluids can enhance the critical heat flux, but the effect on boiling heat transfer performance still has disagreement. Base liquids with higher viscosity improve the boiling heat transfer performance of nanofluids. When the base liquid is a multicomponent solution, the relative movement between the different solutions enhances the microscopic movement of the nanoparticles due to the different evaporation order during the boiling process, so that the boiling heat transfer performance is enhanced. Compared with the thermal conductivity of the heated surface, the deposition of the low thermal conductivity nanoparticles reduces the heat dissipation rate of the heated surface and improves the wall superheat. Then the enhancement of the boiling heat transfer coefficient should be attributed to the thermal conductivity improvement of base fluid and the bubble disturbance resulted from the nanoparticle’s microscopic motion.

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An experimental study on the stability and thermal conductivity of water-ethylene glycol/TiO2-MWCNTs hybrid nanofluid: Developing a new correlation

Cited by 181 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of various surfactants on stability and thermophysical properties of nanofluids

Effect of various surfactants on stability and thermophysical properties of nanofluids

Three‐dimensional computational comparison of mini‐pinned heat sinks using different nanofluids: Part two—energy and exergy characteristics

Effect of Nanofluids on Boiling Heat Transfer Performance

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