An Experimental Study on the Forced-Convective Heat Transfer to Supercritical Helium 4 Flowing Downward in a Circular Tube

Investigating the effect of dry cooling system design on the performance of supercritical CO2 cycle in concentrated solar power application

“…A substantial number of experimental and theoretical investigations have been reported for identification and development of a chloride free natural refrigerant substitute [2][3][4][5]. The possible environmentally benign refrigerant candidates were water [6], helium [7,8], hydrogen [9], ammonia [10] and carbon dioxide. Among all these refrigerant substitutes, CO2 with zero ozone depletion potential has been employed as a heat transfer fluid in conventional refrigeration and air conditioning system.…”