An Experimental Study on Multipath TCP Congestion Control With Heterogeneous Radio Access Technologies

Abstract

In the near future, a large volume of the data traversing wireless networks will not only be requested and/or reported by humans but also by machines (e.g., the Internet-of-things and machine-tomachine applications). This mandates the availability of enormous radio spectrum resources and an end-toend reliable information transfer. Currently, many wireless devices are equipped with two wireless interfaces with heterogeneous radio access technologies. Thus, the usage of a transport layer designed for multi-homed devices such as multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) is inevitable. This paper presents an experimental performance study of three congestion control algorithms, which can be used by MPTCP, namely, Cubic, linked-increases algorithm (LIA), and opportunistic LIA (OLIA). The testbed comprises real (not simulated) LTE and WiFi networks that are used to connect dual-homed wireless nodes to one another. We comparatively study the throughput performance of the three algorithms under varying factors, including the receiver buffer size, number of parallel connections, data volume, and flow lifetime. Our key findings reveal that, although Cubic is not designed with multipath in mind, it outperforms the multipath-based LIA and OLIA, whenever the LTE per-node capacity is higher than its WiFi counterpart. Also, in a reversed situation (WiFi per-node capacity is higher) Cubic outperforms OLIA and LIA for short-lived flows. INDEX TERMS Multipath TCP, congestion control, heterogeneous, radio access technologies.

Next-generation network transmission control protocol based on deep learning

“…The TCP Cubic TCP Cubic has been the default communication protocol in the Linux, Android, and iOS software platforms since Kernel 2.6. This approach adjusts the transmission rate based on the time since the last transmission fault using a cubic formula [20]. In order to achieve the same transmitting rate in less time, Cubic seeks to pinpoint the moment just prior to the nal drop.…”

Redundancy and Diversity in Wireless Networks to Support Mobile Industrial Applications in Industry 4.0

“…MPTCP selects for each transmission the interface or network path that provides the lowest RTT (Round-Trip Time) between transmitter and receiver. MPTCP exploits the availability of multiple links between transmitter and receiver while efficiently utilizing the network resources and ultimately increasing the network bandwidth [14]. MPTCP and other diversity protocols require checking the link quality to detect any possible degradation and modify the selected network path.…”

Device‐centric data reordering and buffer management for mobile Internet using Multipath Transmission Control Protocol

“…If the SF queue variation is greater than 2 × q r , then w r is decremented by doing back‐off in the multiple of . Prakash et al 55 has also compared the performance of cubic (a default congestion control mechanism), LIA, and OLIA for heterogeneous radio access technologies (RATs). Interpath contention has been studied for optimal congestion control in Kimura et al 52 with heterogeneous path using MPTCP.…”