An experimental study of yellow fever

Hindle, Edward

doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(29)90063-8

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…21,25,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] For the intrinsic incubation period, we found 87 observations: 19 uncensored, 39 interval-censored, and 29 right-censored. Typical scenarios included transmission from infected mosquitoes to naive humans entering areas with ongoing transmission, [41][42][43] secondary infections caused by infected people entering disease-free areas where competent vectors were present, [41][42][43] and experimental human infections aimed at determining the mode of transmission.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Incubation Periods of Yellow Fever Virus

Johansson¹,

Arana-Vizcarrondo²,

Biggerstaff³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Yellow fever virus is a global health threat due to its endemicity in parts of Africa and South America where human infections occur in residents and travelers. To understand yellow fever dynamics, it is critical to characterize the incubation periods of the virus in vector mosquitoes and humans. Here, we compare four statistical models of the yellow fever incubation periods fitted with historical data. The extrinsic incubation period in the urban vector Aedes aegypti was best characterized with a temperature-dependent Weibull model with a median of 10 days at 25°C (middle 95% = 2.0–37 days). The intrinsic incubation period, fitted with a log-normal model, had a median of 4.3 days (middle 95% = 2.3–8.6 days). These estimates and their associated statistical models provide a quantitative basis to assist in exposure assessments, model potential outbreaks, and evaluate the effectiveness of public health interventions.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Incubation Periods of Yellow Fever Virus

Johansson¹,

Arana-Vizcarrondo²,

Biggerstaff³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…However, once the virus was isolated by two groups in 1927 -1928 (Asibi and French Viscerotropic viruses) ( Mathis et al, 1928 ;Strokes et al, 1928 ), there were many attempts to develop a vaccine. Several failed attempts were made to produce an inactivated single-dose vaccine by groups in France (Pettit, 1931), Brazil ( Aragao, 1929 ), and the United Kingdom ( Hindle, -1929. Formaldehyde or phenol was used to inactivate virus-infected monkey liver or spleen.…”

Section: Vaccines Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formaldehyde or phenol was used to inactivate virus-infected monkey liver or spleen. Testing of Hindle's vaccine in monkeys gave nonreproducible results ( Hindle, -1929Okell, 1930 ;Davis 1931 ), a clinical trial in Brazil gave inconclusive results (Pettit, 1931), and at least one person who received the vaccine became infected with YFV ( Burke and Davis, 1930 ). Subsequent attempts were made to improve the inactivated vaccines with " better " antigens using heat-or ultraviolet lightinactivated tissue cultures or mouse brain cultures.…”

Section: Vaccines Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Yellow Fever

Galbraith

Barrett

2009

Vaccines for Biodefense and Emerging and Neglected Diseases

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“…Vaccines of this general type have been devised by Hindle (2), Aragto (3), Pettit and Stefanopoulo (4), and Monteiro (5). According to Chagas (6), irregular results followed the vaccination of 25,000 persons by the method of Aragao during the recent epidemic in Rio de Janeiro, and failures were also encountered in the experimental vaccination of monkeys.…”

Section: Preliminary Experiments With Other Yellow Fever Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination Against Yellow Fever With Immune Serum and Virus Fixed for Mice

Sawyer

Kitchen

Lloyd

1932

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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1. After preliminary experiments in monkeys, 15 persons were actively immunized by a single injection of a dried mixture of living yellow fever virus, fixed for mice, and human immune serum, with separate injections of enough additional serum to make up the amount required for protection. 2. One person was similarly immunized by injecting immune serum and dried virus separately. 3. By titration of the sera of vaccinated persons in mice, it was shown that the immunity rose in a few weeks to a height comparable to that reached after an attack of yellow fever, and remained there throughout an observation period of 6 months. 4. Yellow fever virus could not be recovered from the blood of vaccinated persons or monkeys, except when the latter had received less than the minimal effective amount of immune serum. 5. Neutralization of yellow fever virus by immune serum took place very slowly in vitro at room temperature in our experiments, and could not have been an appreciable factor in vaccination with the serum virus mixtures. 6. A mixture of fixed virus and immune serum retained its immunizing power for 8 months when dried in the frozen state and sealed in glass. 7. It appears that the immunizing reaction after yellow fever vaccination was a part of a true infectious process, as was also the observed leucopenia.

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An experimental study of yellow fever

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Incubation Periods of Yellow Fever Virus

Incubation Periods of Yellow Fever Virus

Yellow Fever

Vaccination Against Yellow Fever With Immune Serum and Virus Fixed for Mice

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