An experimental study of the effects of <i>Nosema eurytremae</i> (Microsporida: Nosematidae) on the liver fluke <i>Fasciola hepatica</i>

Canning, Elizabeth U.; Higby, G. C.; Nicholas, J. P.

doi:10.1017/s0031182000053774

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Although several papers were devoted to this topic (see e.g. Canning et al 1979Canning et al , 1983) the actual penetration of the rnicrosporidian into the digenean was not considered at all. In N. notabilis, various stages of development within the 0. polymorpha plasmodia suggest that infection progresses gradually.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosema notabilis (Microsporidia), its ultrastructure and effect on the myxosporean host Ortholinea polymorpha

Dyková

Lom²

1999

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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ABSTRACT. Nosema notabilis Kudo, 1939 produces chain-forming meronts with a dense cell coat in direct contact with the host cell cytoplasm. Cytoplasnlic microtubules and membranaceous whorls could be observed in meront cytoplasm. Sporonts differ in that they have a thicker cell wall and more conspicuous endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae. Sporoblasts have an externally ridged cell wall. Spores have an apically located anchoring disc, an isofilar polar tube with 6 to 9 turns and polyribosomal strands in the sporoplasm. Diplokarya occur in all stages. Heavily infected plasmodia of Ortholinea polymorpha (Davis. 1917) reveal marked pathological signs. The most prominent are reduction of surface projections a n d o r pinocytosis, inflated mitochondria with altered inner structures, affected vegetative nuclei, damage to generative cells and occurrence of various anomalous formations in the plasmodium cytoplasm. The damage may result in complete desintegration of the plasmodium. However, the development of the microsporidian is affected by a remarkably high percentage of teratological stages revealing membranaceous and tubular structures

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosema notabilis (Microsporidia), its ultrastructure and effect on the myxosporean host Ortholinea polymorpha

Dyková

Lom²

1999

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…It is known that infection of digeneans with microsporidians may lead to reduced helminth fecundity, and eventually the host tissue is replaced by spores and completely destroyed (Canning et al 1979). Transmission of P. americanus is very successful, resulting in 100% prevalence of infection amongst toads aggregated in breeding pools and a mean intensity of 100 larvaelhost (Tinsley and Jackson 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microsporidian hyperparasites are more common in larval and adult digeneans (Azevedo 1987;Azevedo and Canning 1987; 'Present address: Medical Research Council, Institute of Hearing Research, University Park, Science Road, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom. Azevedo and Corral 1987;Canning and Madhavi 1977;Canning et al 1974Canning et al , 1979 but also occur in acanthocephalans (Loubes et a/. 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsporidian hyperparasites and bacteria associated with Pseudodiplorchis americanus (Monogenea: Polystomatidae)

Cable¹,

Tinsley²

1992

Can. J. Zool.

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CABLE, J., and TINSLEY, R. C. 1992. Microsporidian hyperparasites and bacteria associated with Pseudodiplorchis urnericanus (Monogenea: Polystomatidae). Can. J. Zool. 70: 523 -529. This is the first report of a microsporidian hyperparasite in a monogenean. Every stage in the life cycle of the polystomatid Pseudodiplorchis americanus was infected (prevalence 11 %). Ultrastructural examination revealed microsporidians within most tissues, but the heaviest aggregations occurred in the external surface layer of the larvae, especially the tegumental ciliated cells where they may interfere with exciliation. Adult worms also harboured a bacterium (prevalence 55%) that was largely restricted to the gut lumen and therefore probably ingested. Transmission of the microsporidian may occur via ingestion of host tissue, but infection within the germ cells and encapsulated embryos in utero demonstrates transovarian and transuterine transfer. The oncomiracidia can be already infected at the time of transmission, carrying the microsporidians to newly invaded vertebrate hosts. Heavy microsporidian infections are associated with cellular damage in developing and adult monogeneans and may have a direct effect on the population biology of P. umericunus. CABLE, J., et TINSLEY, R. C. 1992. Microsporidian hyperparasites and bacteria associated with Pseudodiplorchis umeric.unus (Monogenea: Polystomatidae). Can. J. Zool. 70 : 523 -529. Nous signalons ici, pour la premiere fois, la presence d'une microsporidie hyperparasite chez un Monogkne. Tous les stades du polystomatidi h6te, Pseudodiplorchis americanus, portaient des parasites (privalence de 1 1 %). L'examen ultramicroscopique a rivili la prisence de microsporidies dans presque tous les tissus, mais les points les plus infectis se trouvaient dans la couche externe des teguments des larves, particulikrement dans les cellules tigumentaires ciliies, la oh ils peuvent entraver l'exciliation. Les vers adultes itaient affectes aussi par une bactirie (prevalence de 5 %) confinie surtout a la lumikre de I'intestin et donc probablement ingirie. La transmission des microsporidies se fait peut-itre par ingestion des tissus de l'h6te, mais les infections dans les cellules germinales et les embryons encapsules in utero indiquent I'existence d'une transmission transovarienne et transutirine. Les oncomiracidies sont peut-itre deja infectties au moment de la transmission et transmettent alors les microsporidies a des vertibres h6tes fraichement infectis. Les infections microsporidiennes graves s'accompagnent de Iisions cellulaires chez les monogknes adultes et les monogknes en diveloppement et peuvent avoir un effet direct sur la dynamique des populations de P. americanus.[Traduit par la ridaction]

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“…Details of the maintenance of L. truncatula on algal-covered mud plates and their infection with F. hepatica and of infection of B. glabrata with S. mansoni have been reported by Canning, Higby & Nicholas (1979) and Lai & Canning (1980) respectively. P. planorbis, naturally infected with furcocercariae and xiphidiocercariae, collected at Jena, German Democratic Republic in 1978, were maintained like B. glabrata in fish tank water and fed dried lettuce.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyperinfection of trematode larvae was achieved by allowing L. truncatula to browse on spore-contaminated algal plates (Canning et al 1979) and by placing the aquatic snails individually in the wells of tissue-culture trays to feed on spore-contaminated alginate discs (Lai & Canning, 1980). Spores purified from the naturally hyperinfected L. peregra or from the experimentally infected L. truncatula or P. planorbis were used in attempts to infect non-trematode hosts, (a) Third and 4th instar Pieris brassicae larvae were inoculated with spores into the haemocoele (Pilley, Canning & Hammond, 1978) or were fed with spores by pushing the head sharply down on to a small drop of spore suspension, so that the drop was automatically sucked back into the mouth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unikaryon slaptonleyi sp.nov. (Microspora: Unikaryonidae) isolated from echinostome and strigeid larvae from Lymnaea peregra: observations on its morphology, transmission and pathogenicity

et al. 1983

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SUMMARYA microsporidium, isolated from echinostome and strigeid larval trematodes in Lymnaea peregra, is described as a new species Unikaryon slaptonleyi sp.nov. The nuclei isolated at all stages of development, the disporoblastic sporogony and development in contact with host cell cytoplasm are used to assign the species to the genus Unikaryon. The absence of a vacuolar membrane to isolate the meronts and stages of sporulation from the host cell cytoplasm differentiates this genus from Encephalitozoon. Spores are uninucleate, have 17–21 turns of the polar filament coil and measure 5·0 × 2·8/μm fresh. U. slaptonleyi was isolated from rediae and metacercariae of Echinoparyphium recurvatum and sporo-cysts and cercariae of an unidentified strigeid trematode in L. peregra. It was transmitted in the laboratory to unidentified echinostomes in L. peregra and to unidentified strigeids in Planorbis planorbis by feeding the spores to field-collected snails from which cercariae were already emerging. In these natural and experimental hyperinfections the snail tissues were lightly infected but, in the helminths, much of the parenchyma and germinal tissue was destroyed, so that few cercariae were released and most of those were distorted. Similar heavy infections were produced in Fasciola hepatica in Lymnaea truncatula, when spores were fed to the snails 14 days after miracidial penetration, but even high doses (106 spores/snail) produced only light infections in Schistosoma mansoni in Biomphalaria glabrata, in only 2 out of 9 snails. No infections were obtained in larvae producing xiphidiocercariae in P. planorbis although echinostomes became infected under the same conditions. Of a number of aquatic and terrestrial arthropods tested for susceptibility by feeding or by inoculation of spores into the haemocoele, only Pieris brassicae became infected. In a small proportion of pupae surviving from larvae which had been inoculated with spores at 3rd or 4th instar, there was clear evidence of spore replication.

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An experimental study of the effects of Nosema eurytremae (Microsporida: Nosematidae) on the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Nosema notabilis (Microsporidia), its ultrastructure and effect on the myxosporean host Ortholinea polymorpha

Nosema notabilis (Microsporidia), its ultrastructure and effect on the myxosporean host Ortholinea polymorpha

Microsporidian hyperparasites and bacteria associated with Pseudodiplorchis americanus (Monogenea: Polystomatidae)

Unikaryon slaptonleyi sp.nov. (Microspora: Unikaryonidae) isolated from echinostome and strigeid larvae from Lymnaea peregra: observations on its morphology, transmission and pathogenicity

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