An Experimental Study of the Cataractogenic Effects of Microwave Radiation

Zaret, Milton M.

doi:10.21236/ad0608746

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In animal experiments microwave-induced cataracts have been produced in dogs and rabbits (Williams et al 1955;Howland & Michaelson 1959;Carpenter et al 1960;Lubin et al 1960;Zaret 1964;Birenbaum et al 1969). The experiments and calculations have shown that the temperature of the posterior part of the lens exceeds 46°C in these cataractogenic radiations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Microwave Exposure

Castrén¹,

Lauteala²,

Antere³

et al. 1982

Acta Ophthalmologica

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During the last decades the use of microwaves has been common in the industry, medicine, household and armed forces. According to the literature microwaves may especially cause lens opacities and other serious health disturbances. The authors of this paper examined 121 radar workers, but nothing was found which could be connected to microwaves. For example, the amount of lens opacities had correlation only to the age of the patients, but not to the exposure time of microwaves. The exposure duration varied from 0 to 28 years and the age of the patients between 18 and 59 years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Microwave Exposure

Castrén¹,

Lauteala²,

Antere³

et al. 1982

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…This is due to a repeat measurement of the field with a more accurate instrument (Carpenter et al, 1972a). animal and the susceptibility of its lens to damage by microwave exposure. Zaret (1964) and Birenbaum et al (1969a,b) studied cataract production in rabbits exposed to CW and pulsed 55OO-MHz microwaves.…”

Section: Exposure Threshold Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lens opacities resulted after exposure to 390 m W I cm 2 for 34-37 min (Zaret, 1964). The average power causing an observable loss of transparency (in at least a portion of the lens) in 50% of the animals was defined as the "threshold" value (Birenbaum et al, 1969a,b).…”

Section: Exposure Threshold Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Effects and Health Implications of Radiofrequency Radiation

Michaelson¹,

Lin²

1987

140

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“…One of the most investigated fields concerning the pathological effects of microwaves is the denaturation of lens proteins resulting in lens opacitiescataract (Carpenter 1959, Carpenter & van Ummersen 1968, Richardson, Duane & Hines 1948, Zaret 1964, Appleton & McCrossan 1972.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lenticular and Retinal Changes Secondary to Microwave Exposure

Aurell¹,

Tengroth²

1973

Acta Ophthalmologica

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The cataractogenic effect of exposure to microwaves has been reported by several authors. Effects on the central nervous system also have been discussed. Whether the effect is thermal in origin or nonthermal is not known. In this paper the authors show that in a factory where radarand other microwave equipment was tested, an overrepresentation of lens opacities could be observed in personnel in the lower age groups. Furthermore, it was noted that changes in the retina resembling chorioretinal scars were present in a significant number of workers.K e y words: microwaveselectronic ovenradarradio frequencycataractchorioretinitisradiationlens opacitiesretinal lesions.During the past quarter century there has been marked development and increased utilization of devices and equipment for industrial and medical applications as well as for military use that emit a large variety of non ionizing radiant energy. Microwaves have come into use primarily in the military field but also as diathermia in medical therapy and for consumer's use in cooking. Today microwave emittors are widespread. The electromagnetic radiation characterized as microwaves has a wavelength between 0.3 mm and 300 cm, corresponding to 106-1012 Hz. T h e microwave energy can be propagated either pulsed or as a continuous wave (CW).

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An Experimental Study of the Cataractogenic Effects of Microwave Radiation

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

On the Microwave Exposure

On the Microwave Exposure

Biological Effects and Health Implications of Radiofrequency Radiation

Lenticular and Retinal Changes Secondary to Microwave Exposure

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