“…[15][16][17] Later, the application of RF energy was further extended to solid organ surgery, such as hepatectomy and partial splenectomy, using the same instruments. 5,18 Since then, few experimental [19][20][21][22] and clinical studies 23 were published describing the use of modified monopolar electrodes. Although RF solid organ surgery is related to minimal blood loss, it is not widely accepted because of the risk of septic complications.…”