An experimental study of the solubility of molybdenum in H2O and KCl–H2O solutions from 500 °C to 800 °C, and 150 to 300 MPa

The Distribution and Timing of Molybdenite Mineralization at the El Teniente Cu-Mo Porphyry Deposit, Chile

“…In general, Cu and Mo were probably transported by the same fluids, with their tendency to precipitate in distinct vein types being related to varying temperature, pressure (e.g. Ulrich et al, 2002;Redmond et al, 2004;Landtwing et al, 2005;Ulrich and Mavrogenes, 2008;Rusk et al, 2008) and redox state of fluids (e.g. Phillips et al, 1974;Sillitoe 2010;Seo et al, 2012) as they exited the porphyry intrusive conduits and migrated out into fractured mafic rocks of the TMC.…”

Arc-related porphyry molybdenum deposit model

“…Instead, most molybdenum is transported as HMoO 4 -or H 2 MoO 4 with lesser amounts being transported as MoO 3 F -, which shows that fluorine is not a necessary ion for transportation of molybdenum (Smith and others, 1980). In recent experiments, Ulrich and Mavrogenes (2008) suggest that H 2 MoO 4 is the dominant complex in aqueous solutions, and Cl -complexes are negligible in transportation, except possibly in high-salinity solutions. However, arc-related porphyry molybdenum deposits are characterized by low to moderate salinities.…”

“…Ulrich and Mavrogenes (2008) indicated that molybdenum solubility is temperature dependent, with greater solubility at higher temperatures. In contrast, Candela (1992) emphasizes the compatibility of molybdenum between crystal and melt is dependent on the magmatic oxygen fugacity, with molybdenum acting more incompatibly under oxidizing conditions.…”

The Solubility of Tugarinovite (MoO2) in H2O at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures

“…Ulrich and Mavrogenes [4] trapped solutions equilibrated with MoO 3 in synthetic quartz-hosted fluid inclusions at pressures of 200 MPa and temperatures ranging between 500 and 800 ∘ C. The pH was buffered using a muscovite, Kfeldspar, and quartz assemblage and the oxygen fugacity was constrained using a Ni/NiO or Re/ReO 2 buffer. Analysis of the synthetic fluid inclusions by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) shows that the molybdenum concentration in pure H 2 O increased with increasing temperature from 380 to 8155 ppm.…”

“…Molybdenum in magmatic ore deposits is transported and deposited by high temperature aqueous fluids exsolved from a cooling magma. Although the solubility of MoO 3 (molybdite) has been experimentally investigated over a wide range of P-T-X conditions by many workers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], comparatively few studies have examined the solubility of MoO 2 (tugarinovite) [8][9][10]. In the absence of sulfur, MoO 2 , rather than MoO 3 , would be the stable oxide at the temperatures and f o 2 conditions typical for Mo ore formation [4,7,11,12].…”