An experimental study of some line fires

Yuana, Li-Ming; Cox, Geoff

doi:10.1016/s0379-7112(96)00047-1

Cited by 121 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…An entrainment coefficient of 0.11 was deduced, rather assumed for the wide atria. Results are consistent with the studies of line plumes by Ramprian & Chandrasekhara [13] and Yuan & Cox [14] . Furthermore, their analysis also implied smaller degree of air entrainment in the turning region.…”

Section: Balcony Spill Plumessupporting

confidence: 91%

A critical study on fire-induced aerodynamics of balcony spill plumes

Liu

et al. 2008

J. Therm. Sci.

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Balcony spill plume is one of the main plume forms in an atrium fire, its thermal behavior which is important to the designers for the smoke control system design is still not well understood now. The fire-induced aerodynamics of balcony spill plume would be studied by the numerical method in this paper. Some uncertainties relating to the available calculation methods for the smoke production rate would be reexamined. Numerical results indicated that using an entrainment coefficient 0.11 would be better than 0.16 in describing the entrainment behavior, end effect should not be ignored for the plume being not two-dimensional (2-D). Suitable empirical spill plume equations would be recommended for the smoke management system design.

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Section: Balcony Spill Plumessupporting

confidence: 91%

A critical study on fire-induced aerodynamics of balcony spill plumes

Liu

et al. 2008

J. Therm. Sci.

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“…Quintiere and Grove [13] used plume theory to develop expressions for both the flaming and non-flaming regions of a line fire. In the study by Yuan and Cox [9], a correlation was developed for air entrainment into line fires based on experimental data. The method of images was applied in order to predict wall fire entrainment using the line fire results from these two studies.…”

Section: Flame Entrainmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method of images was applied in order to predict wall fire entrainment using the line fire results from these two studies. As a result, the line fire entrainment results from Quintiere and Grove [13] and Yuan and Cox [9] were divided by two to produce the wall fire entrainment results in Fig. 3.…”

Section: Flame Entrainmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flame Entrainment and Its Application to Compartment Fires

Lattimer¹

2008

Fire Saf. Sci.

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Entrainment into flames is important in predicting the mass flow into the upper-layer of compartment fires where the flame height is similar to or greater than the layer interface height. An analytical model for entrainment into flames was developed based on the simple wetted perimeter approach. The model was validated with existing data and other analytical models for area and line fires located in the open, against a wall, and in a corner. The validated flame entrainment model was integrated into a two-layer compartment fire model and used to predict door flow rates and interface heights with the fire in different locations within the compartment. Predicted door flow rates and interface heights agreed well with compartment fire data from several sources.

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“…A number of different point plume models exist (Heskestad 1986;Zukoski et al 1980;McCaffrey 1979). The plume equation from line sources was experimentally and theoretical investigated by Lee and Emmons (1961) as well as Yuan and Cox (1996). The mirror model was proposed by Zukoski (1995) to analyze the fire plume near walls or at a corner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD modelling of the effect of fire source geometry and location on smoke flow multiplicity

Gong

2010

Build. Simul.

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Understanding solution multiplicity of smoke flow at the same building configuration and ambient conditions is important for managing smoke flows and human evacuation in buildings. One of the known examples with solution multiplicity is in a simple single-compartment building on fire under an opposing wind. The occurrence of multiple solutions of smoke flow is induced by competing wind and thermal buoyancy forces. Under a given and moderate wind, the critical buoyancy flux ratio for the existence of smoke flow multiplicity, which is a ratio between defined parameters representing buoyancy force and wind pressure, is related to building height and opening area, as shown using a zone model. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were used here to evaluate whether the behaviour of smoke flow multiplicity was affected by the geometry and location of the fire source(s). Our simulation results were in good agreement with previous macroscopic analysis results. A floor fire source can produce the largest smoke flow rate in the buoyancy-dominated flow regime among the tested cases while two corner sources can produce the smallest smoke flow rate. A floor source had a relatively large smoke flow rate in the wind-dominated flow regime while a point source had relatively small smoke flow rate. Moreover, a larger critical buoyancy flux ratio and a larger range of fire power in which smoke flow multiplicity existed were found for a floor fire source than for other sources. Switching of smoke flow solutions in building fires was found to depend on the initial conditions and the magnitude of flow perturbations.

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An experimental study of some line fires

Cited by 121 publications

References 10 publications

A critical study on fire-induced aerodynamics of balcony spill plumes

A critical study on fire-induced aerodynamics of balcony spill plumes

Flame Entrainment and Its Application to Compartment Fires

CFD modelling of the effect of fire source geometry and location on smoke flow multiplicity

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