“…When the diameter decreases from 13.8 mm to 7.9 mm, the pressure drop decreases due to the incomplete cells and randomly chopped ligaments nearby the tube wall, and the maximum decrements are 22% and 35% for 5 and 10 PPI metal foam filled tubes, respectively (Hu et al, 2014a,b). Pranoto and Leong (2014) studied the flow boiling heat transfer and bubble characteristics from low-porosity graphite foam structures in a channel. The flow boiling performance and phenomena for different coolant mass fluxes, evaporator gaps, and foam properties were investigated.…”