1934
DOI: 10.1037/h0073349
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An experimental study concerning visual localization in the horizontal plane.

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Cited by 16 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…Gi jV 1913; Matin, 1982Matin, , 1986McDougall, 1903;Nair, 1958;Sandstrom, 1951;Sharp, 1934;Stoper & Cohen, 1986), our results for the motionless in total darkness condition are between -3°and -4°below the true eye level, and around the mean value of -2.67°in the presence of the luminous frame. These data confirm the fact that the VPEL in the presence of a visual context is below the true eye level and above the VPEL in total darkness.…”
Section: Gi Ov3mentioning
confidence: 64%
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“…Gi jV 1913; Matin, 1982Matin, , 1986McDougall, 1903;Nair, 1958;Sandstrom, 1951;Sharp, 1934;Stoper & Cohen, 1986), our results for the motionless in total darkness condition are between -3°and -4°below the true eye level, and around the mean value of -2.67°in the presence of the luminous frame. These data confirm the fact that the VPEL in the presence of a visual context is below the true eye level and above the VPEL in total darkness.…”
Section: Gi Ov3mentioning
confidence: 64%
“…The system that uses optical information from visible surfaces to determine the VPEL is called the "target/surface" system by Stoper and Cohen (1986). The role of visual information in determining the VPEL has been investigated mainly in studies comparing the presence versus the absence of visual cues (Hoppeler, 1913;Matin, 1982Matin, , 1986McDougall, 1903;Nair, 1958;Sandstrom, 1951;Sharp, 1934;Stoper & Cohen, 1986). Generally speaking, visual cues have been demonstrated to improve VPEL determination in relation to the true eye level; moreover, environmental visual cues significantly reduce the dispersion of VPEL settings in comparison with those obtained in darkness.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Although the subjective visual horizon was not recorded in the present experiment, the occurrence of such a phenomenon is clearly assumed in this study. Other previous works also reported that the subjective visual horizon is lower in darkness (Bringoux et al 2004(Bringoux et al , 2008MacDougall 1903;Raphel and Barraud 1994;Sharp 1934;Stoper and Cohen 1986). This phenomenon may be related to the 30°backward orientation of the saccular and utricular maculae relative to the head (Rosenhal 1972;Bortolami et al 2006).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 85%
“…Observers in total darkness are typically able to set a target to VPEL with a precision ofless than 1°and an accuracy that deviates by no more than 5°from true eye level (Hoppeler, 1913;MacDougall, 1903;Matin & Fox, 1986Matin & Li, 1989a, 198%, 1990, 1991bMatin et a!., 1988;Matin et aI., 1982;Sharp, 1934;Stoper & Cohen, 1986. For VPEL settings in darkness to be other than randomly oriented, the controlling mechanism must make use of some combination of the neural signals regarding three sorts of information: extraretinal information about head orientation relative to gravity (EHOI), extraretinal eye position information relative to the head (EEPI), and information regarding retinal image position of the target used to set VPEL (Rl}.…”
Section: Levelmentioning
confidence: 99%