An experimental setup for fluid venting in unconsolidated sediments: New insights to fluid mechanics and structures

Mörz, Tobias; Karlik, E. A.; Kreiter, Stefan; Kopf, Achim J

doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2006.07.006

Cited by 45 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It includes a large variety of phenomena such as methane venting [1], hydraulic fractures [2][3][4], pockmarks [5][6][7], hydrothermal complexes [8,9], kimberlite pipes [10][11][12] or mud volcanoes [13][14][15][16]. Since the 90's, the technique of air sparging has also been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have been performed in two-phase systems to analyze the mechanisms at play in the fluid venting process, either for dry (gas/grains) [25,26] or wet (liquid/grains) [16,22,27,28] beds. For unconstrained beds, where the grains are likely to move and their free surface to deform, different patterns have been thoroughly described when changing the fluid injection flow-rate, Q, in the granular matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For intermediate Q, the granular bed deforms and develops instabilities and microchannels, but the macroscopic flow-rate still obeys Darcy's law. Finally, for high flow-rate, the sample exhibits hydraulic failure, with pipe formation leading to a partial liquefaction of the system [16,22,27,28]. However, many natural phenomena involve a three-phase flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow and fracture in water-saturated, unconstrained granular beds

et al. 2015

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The injection of gas in a liquid-saturated granular bed gives rise to a wide variety of invasion patterns. Many studies have focused on constrained porous media, in which the grains are fixed in the bed and only the interstitial fluid flows when the gas invades the system. With a free upper boundary, however, the grains can be entrained by the ascending gas or fluid motion, and the competition between the upward motion of grains and sedimentation leads to new patterns. We propose a brief review of the experimental investigation of the dynamics of air rising through a water-saturated, unconstrained granular bed, in both two and three dimensions. After describing the invasion pattern at short and long time, a tentative regime-diagram is proposed. We report original results showing a dependence of the fluidized zone shape, at long times, on the injection flow rate and grain size. A method based on image analysis makes it possible to detect not only the fluidized zone profile in the stationary regime, but also to follow the transient dynamics of its formation. Finally, we describe the degassing dynamics inside the fluidized zone, in the stationary regime. Depending on the experimental conditions, regular bubbling, continuous degassing, intermittent regime or even spontaneous flow-to-fracture transition are observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow and fracture in water-saturated, unconstrained granular beds

et al. 2015

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“…Gas invasion in an immersed granular layer is a widespread phenomenon of striking importance in many contexts, from oil industry [1,2] to soil decontamination, where air injection in the subsurface and its subsequent rising by buoyancy removes or chemically degrades the contaminants [3]. In natural processes, piercement structures display many examples of such phenomenon [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two-phase flow experiments (gas/grains or liquid/grains) pointed out the existence of three different regimes when the gas or liquid injection flow-rate increases [1,[9][10][11]: at low flow-rates, the system acts as a rigid porous medium and the fluid (gas or liquid) percolates through the granular matrix without any significant grain motion; at intermediate flow rates, the medium starts deforming, with the onset of small-scale instabilities and pip-ing; at large flow-rate, explosion at the surface and fluidization of the medium is reported (hydraulic failure).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air invasion in a granular layer immersed in a fluid: morphology and dynamics

2013

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We investigate the morphology and dynamics of the region invaded by air injected at the bottom of an immersed granular bed. Previous experimental results point out the formation of a fluidized zone with a parabolic shape which does not depend, in the stationary regime, on the injection flow-rate. By tilting the experiment, we can tune the effective gravity in the system. We show that it does not affect significantly the morphology either. A numerical study made it possible to access the typical height and width of the structure, which are governed by the relative effects of gravity and capillarity. After a brief review on this subject, we propose first, new experimental observations on the air invasion regimes and on the morphology of the fluidized zone, in particular its growth dynamics; then, we complement the previous numerical study by considering the influence of the bottom boundary condition. In particular, we quantify the morphology of the invaded region when the gas is injected in the bulk, thus when air is likely to propagate downwards. These results are of practical importance in the prediction of the morphol-

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Parameters affecting the localized fluidization in a particle medium

Mena

Luu²,

Cuéllar³

et al. 2017

AIChE Journal

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The current study presents experiments for the initial stages of fluidization induced by a localized fluid injection. The process was studied by recording high-speed videos in a 2-D-region far from the boundaries using Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence and Refractive Index Matching. The experimental setup allowed for several parameters to be systematically studied including particle sizes, initial bed heights, and injection port diameters. The results show that the critical flow rate required for fluidization is primarily dependent on the initial height of the granular bed. However, this dependence is not a linear relation but progressively plateaus for larger heights. Conversely, the diameter of the chimney relates only slightly to the injection port diameter and significantly more to the diameter of the particles. (c) are average of the video sequence; (d), (e), and (f) are standard deviations of the video sequence. (a) and (d) are of a static bed, (b) and (e) show a bed with a fluidized cavity and pictures (c) and (f) show a chimney. Figure (d) is solid black indicating no movement and resulting zero standard deviation. Image processing done by ImageJ. 37 Solid symbols are for the injection port of D 5 10 mm and open symbols are for D 5 40 mm. Symbols are as follow: Circles, 3 mm particles; squares, 5 mm; triangles, 7 mm; hexagon, 10 mm. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]

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An experimental setup for fluid venting in unconsolidated sediments: New insights to fluid mechanics and structures

Cited by 45 publications

References 30 publications

Flow and fracture in water-saturated, unconstrained granular beds

Flow and fracture in water-saturated, unconstrained granular beds

Air invasion in a granular layer immersed in a fluid: morphology and dynamics

Parameters affecting the localized fluidization in a particle medium

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