An experimental investigation on temperature profile of buoyant spill plume from under-ventilated compartment fires in a reduced pressure atmosphere at high altitude

The maximum excess temperature of fire-induced smoke flow beneath an unconfined ceiling at high altitude

“…As the altitude increases, the ambient pressure will decrease, and the air density is proportional to ambient pressure, i. e. ρ ∞~P . Through the comparison on the experimental results at plateau and plain, Tang et al [21] also found that the air entrainment coefficient in Lhasa is only 0.8 time of that in Hefei (a sea-level city). Thus, these two parameters need to be taken into consideration in correlating the current temperature data, and the eq.…”

“…It clearly shows that the maximum temperatures at high altitude environment are higher than the results predicted by the models established under normal pressure. This may be attributed to the flame stretching and weaker air entrainment under low pressure environment [15,21]. To well understand the pressure effect on the maximum ceiling temperature, the ideal plume model is taken into account to decipher the experimental results.…”

Heat flux profile upon building facade due to ejected thermal plume from window in a subatmospheric pressure at high altitude

“…(10)) in reduced pressure atmosphere is higher than that in the normal pressure. Based on the correlation and analysis on the entrainment in the reduced pressure [23], the entrainment coefficient in the reduced pressure (64 kPa) is verified to be weaker and only about 0.8 times of that in the normal pressure (100 kPa). Then, Fig.…”

“…(4). It means that for a given fuel supply rate in the compartment at high altitudes in the reduced pressure atmosphere, larger amounts of the unconsumed fuel can be easily ejected outside to produce more severe external facade flames [23,24]. At the same time, our former research have revealed that the value of entrainment coefficient in Lhasa (64 kPa) in the reduced pressure atmosphere is about 0.8 times than that in Hefei of normal pressure (100 kPa).…”

An experimental study of flame height and air entrainment of buoyancy-controlled jet flames with sidewalls

“…About 7200 consecutive binary images have been analyzed statistically for every experimental case. And flame intermittency distribution has been obtained with the average values of these consecutive binary images in each pixel position [9,12,26].…”