An experimental investigation on implications of traverse speed in joining of dissimilar Al–Cu by friction stir welding

Medhi, Tanmoy; Yadava, Manasij; Roy, Barnik Saha; Saha, Sushanta

doi:10.1007/s00170-019-04086-2

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Very thin IMC layers led to increased joint strengths due to excellent metallurgical bonding. Varying the feed rates resulted in different IMC layer thicknesses and tensile strengths for dissimilar joints of aluminum and copper [16,17]. Both studies reported decreasing IMC layer thicknesses with increasing feed rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Estimation of The IMC Layer Thickness of Friction-Stir-Welded Aluminum/Copper Lap Joints By Using Temperature Simulation

Krutzlinger

Kick

Keßler

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Many studies demonstrated the suitability of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) for joining dissimilar materials. Especially the combination of aluminum and copper is of high interest for many applications. Intermetallic compounds (IMC) forming during FSW due to interdiffusion and the thickness of the IMC layers strongly influence the joint properties, e.g. the joint strength or the thermal and electrical conductivity. Therefore, it is important to predict the IMC layer thickness to tailor the joint properties to the individual application. For this purpose, a thermal-pseudo-mechanical model was built to simulate the temperature field during FSW of aluminum EN AW-1050 and copper CW008A in lap joint configuration. The simulated temperatures as well as the heat inputs corresponded well with experimental data for a wide range of parameter settings. In order to estimate the IMC layer thickness, the simulated temperatures close to the interface of the materials were used. Two approaches for calculating the layer thicknesses were compared. In the first approach, the thickness is calculated based on the peak temperature lasting for several seconds at the interfacial area. This approach was applied for constant feed rates, while the second approach also accounted for the cooling slope and could therefore be used for different feed rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Both studies reported decreasing IMC layer thicknesses with increasing feed rates. For aluminum AA 6061-T6 and pure copper, the maximum joint strength was achieved by moderate feed rates [16]. A decent tensile strength was caused by thin layers of Al2Cu and Al4Cu9 for joints of aluminum AA 1050 and oxygen free copper [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Estimation of The IMC Layer Thickness of Friction-Stir-Welded Aluminum/Copper Lap Joints By Using Temperature Simulation

Krutzlinger

Kick

Keßler

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Further, the weld surface was subjected to EDS elemental mapping (figure 3(c)) to know about the phases present in the joint. From the EDS elemental mapping, it was found that Cu, Mg, Al phases were presented in large quantity [30]. In order to know about the precipitate presented in the grain boundary, EDS spectrum analysis was carried out particularly in that zone as in figures 4(a) and (b).…”

Section: Sem Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of friction stir welding process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AA8090—T87 aluminium alloy

Shyamlal¹,

Shanmugavel²,

Jappes³

et al. 2022

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

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AA8090 aluminium lithium alloy which is employed in the fuselage of airplane and in the cryogenic fuel tank was successfully welded using friction stir welding technique. Nine set of experiments were conducted by employing 700 rpm, 900 rpm, and 1100 rpm rotation speed with varying traverse speeds of 30 mm/min., 50 mm/min, 70 mm/min. to arrive at the best possible combination of inputs and obtain better joint efficiency. The macroscopic, microscopic and mechanical property analysis were performed to determine the effectiveness of the joint. Based on the results of the aforementioned studies, the best combination of input parameters such as rotational speed and traverse speed for the welded specimens were determined as 700 rpm and 30 mm/min., 700 rpm and 70 mm/min. respectively. Tensile strength of 700 rpm and 30 mm/min., 700 rpm and 70 mm/min. joints were found as 238.1 MPa and 222.56 MPa, micro hardness of the afore-mentioned joints were 107.3 VHN and 123.1 VHN and are subjected to microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy and electron back scattered diffraction techniques in stir zone and in heat affected zone. The above studies revealed the reason for the deviation in the grain size, increase in micro hardness, tensile strength owing to precipitate formation in the grains, and grain refinement in the weld zone.

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“…3 Effect of tool traverse speed on a X-force, b Z-force and c spindle torque with respect to time using Eq. (1), as shown below reported in [31,32]. Here, each term contains notable meaning: for example, H is the heat input in J/mm, n is tool rotational speed in rotational per min, τ is the average torque in Nm and v is the TTS in mm/s.…”

Section: Torque and Force Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of traverse speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded third-generation Al–Li alloy

Kumar

Acharya

Sethi

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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The aim of the study is to investigate the consequences of tool traverse speed on force and torque distribution of friction-stirwelded third-generation Al-Cu-Li alloy joints. The microstructure and corresponding mechanical properties of the joints are investigated on force and torque perspective. Thus, the contribution of the present work lies in establishing the relation between traverse speed and mechanical properties of the AA2050-T84 joint. Four welds have been considered at varying traverse speeds from 1 to 4 mm/s at constant tool rotational speed and tool tilt angle of 1400 rpm and 2°, respectively. A tool of H13 steel having a tapered screw-threaded pin profile was used. The investigation reveals that with the increase in traverse speed, longitudinal force (X-force), vertically downward force (Z-force) and spindle torque also increase. The grain size of the nugget zone reduces from 19.84 to 14.86 µm as traverse speed increases. It has been found that the mechanical strength of the joint increases as the traverse speed increases. The Vickers microhardness value increases from 115 HV 0.1 to 131 HV 0.1 in the nugget zone as traverse speed increases from 1 to 4 mm/s. The maximum tensile strength, % elongation and joint efficiency are 403.2 MPa, 7.2% and 75.5% for traverse speed of 4 mm/s. The tensile fracture samples are analyzed by scanning electron microscope and reveal ductile mode of fracture.

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An experimental investigation on implications of traverse speed in joining of dissimilar Al–Cu by friction stir welding

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Estimation of The IMC Layer Thickness of Friction-Stir-Welded Aluminum/Copper Lap Joints By Using Temperature Simulation

Estimation of The IMC Layer Thickness of Friction-Stir-Welded Aluminum/Copper Lap Joints By Using Temperature Simulation

Effects of friction stir welding process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AA8090—T87 aluminium alloy

Effect of traverse speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded third-generation Al–Li alloy

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