An experimental investigation of humidity and temperature effects on the mechanical properties of perfluorosulfonic acid membrane

Tang, Yaliang; Karlsson, Anette M.; Santare, Michael H.; Gilbert, Michael; Cleghorn, Simon; Johnson, W.B.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2006.03.055

Cited by 267 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, to calculate the actual values of the swelling pressure requires knowledge of Young's modulus of the dry membrane. Using our experimental data [69] for Young's modulus of Nafion ® 112 membranes 2 (1100 EW) we showed in our previous work [63] that the following empirical formula can be used to approximate Young's modulus of dry membrane in the tempera ture range of 25-85 D C:…”

Section: Results For Swelling Pressurementioning

confidence: 96%

Mechanics-based model for non-affine swelling in perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes

Kusoglu

Santare

Karlsson

2009

Polymer

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Section: Results For Swelling Pressurementioning

confidence: 96%

Mechanics-based model for non-affine swelling in perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes

Kusoglu

Santare

Karlsson

2009

Polymer

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“…These measured in-plane dimensional changes along with an assumption of swelling isotropy, which is supported by our previous work [13,22], are used to calculate the true stress and true strain values in the following results. Fig.…”

Section: Swelling Behaviormentioning

confidence: 85%

“…1. Experimental equipment MTS AllianceT RT/5 material testing system fitted with (a) an ESPEC custom-designed environmental chamber [13]; (b) a temperaturecontrolled water tank; and (c) experimental setup [20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, we report the proportional limit stress, which we have defined A B C graphically as the stress at the intersection of the tangents to the initial linear portion of the curve and the initial strain hardening response (Fig. 10) [13]. In addition, the secondary modulus is dis cussed in our companion paper [19].…”

Section: Characteristic Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An experimental investigation of strain rate, temperature and humidity effects on the mechanical behavior of a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane

Lugo

Santare

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Following the above concept of polymer plastic deformation, we express macroscopic stress, σ, through microscopic tension force, F, and the rate of macroscopic deformation, dt dε , through the microscopic chain velocity, V, predicted by equation (3). The detailed derivation will be published in a forthcoming paper.…”

Section: Famentioning

confidence: 99%

A mathematical model for predicting the life of polymer electrolyte fuel cell membranes subjected to hydration cycling

Burlatsky¹,

Gummalla²,

O'Neill³

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

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Under typical PEM fuel cell operating conditions, part of membrane electrode assembly is subjected to humidity cycling due to variation of inlet gas RH and/or flow rate. Cyclic membrane hydration/dehydration would cause cyclic swelling/shrinking of the unconstrained membrane. In a constrained membrane, it causes cyclic stress resulting in mechanical failure in the area adjacent to the gas inlet. A mathematical modeling framework for prediction of the lifetime of a PEM FC membrane subjected to hydration cycling is developed in this paper. The model predicts membrane lifetime as a function of RH cycling amplitude and membrane mechanical properties. The modeling framework consists of three model components: a fuel cell RH distribution model, a 2 hydration/dehydration induced stress model that predicts stress distribution in the membrane, and a damage accrual model that predicts membrane life-time. Short descriptions of the model components along with overall framework are presented in the paper. The model was used for lifetime prediction of a GORE-SELECT membrane. I: Introduction:Mechanical degradation of PEM membrane can limit stack lifetime. Operation of a fuel cell under realistic load cycles results in both chemical and mechanical degradation of the polymer electrolyte membrane. Degradation of the membrane causes opening up of pinholes or crazing of polymer [1,2,7] increasing gas-crossover and subsequently resulting in catastrophic failures of the fuel cell stack.Understanding and modeling the mechanical degradation mechanism and kinetics enables prediction of membrane lifetime as a function of PEM operational conditions and optimization of membrane structure through the choice of reinforcement [4], the membrane processing methods and the operating conditions. The physics based model of membrane mechanical degradation could guide the synthesis of new membranes with tuned mechanical properties and enhanced life in a fuel cell.Hydration cycling is a primary cause of the mechanical degradation of a geometrically constrained polymer, which exhibits dimensional changes with varied water content. A simple way to impose mechanical damage to a geometrically constrained PEM membrane is to subject it to humidity cycling. At high RH, the membrane absorbs water, and at low RH, the membrane desorbs water. Such RH cycling would result in swelling 3 and shrinking of an unconstrained polymer. RH cycling of a constrained polymer causes cyclic stress. In PEM, such geometrical constraints are imposed by bipolar plate ribs through the gas diffusion layers (GDLs), catalyst layers adjacent to the membrane and at the seals. Moreover, we hypothesize that internal stress in the membrane can be caused by the difference in gas RH at the anode and cathode membrane surfaces that routinely occurs at fuel cell operational conditions. Cyclic stress in the membrane causes irreversible elongation of the membrane [7] and subsequent formation of crazes and cracks that causes gas crossover through the membrane and stack failure.The goal of...

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An experimental investigation of humidity and temperature effects on the mechanical properties of perfluorosulfonic acid membrane

Cited by 267 publications

References 4 publications

Mechanics-based model for non-affine swelling in perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes

Mechanics-based model for non-affine swelling in perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes

An experimental investigation of strain rate, temperature and humidity effects on the mechanical behavior of a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane

A mathematical model for predicting the life of polymer electrolyte fuel cell membranes subjected to hydration cycling

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