An experimental energy performance investigation and economic analysis on a cascade heat pump for high-temperature water in cold region

Xu, Lu; Li, Enteng; Xu, Yingjie; Mei, Ning; Shen, Xi; Wang, Xinlei

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.01.104

Cited by 55 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…System Designs Performance [74] Cascade air-to-water heat pump Load: space heating and DHW Region: the UK COP: almost below 2.5 Operating costs: higher than gas boiler and 90% efficiency oil boilers Carbon emissions: 14% and 57% less than gas and oil boilers, respectively [75] Cascade air-to-water heat pump Load: space heating Region: China COP: ranging from 1.70 to 2.48 Operating costs: 17% and 46% lower than the gas boiler and direct electric heater, respectively at the ambient temperature of −10 • C Carbon emissions: 2.43 times more than the gas boiler and 41% less than the direct electric heater [73] Cascade air-to-water heat pump Load: space heating Region: Korea COP: ranging from 1.95 to 3.4 [76] Cascade air-to-water heat pump Load: space heating and DHW Region: Korea COP: ranging from 2.7 to 3.3 Heating capacity: The cascade heat pump has a higher and more stable heating capacity than the single-stage heat pump.…”

Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results showed that the cascade air-to-water heat pump yielded a COP lower than 2.5 at ambient temperatures of −11.2 • C to 29.5 • C, and its operating costs were higher than gas boilers and 90% efficiency oil boilers, but its carbon emissions were 14% and 57% less than gas and oiler boilers, respectively. In another study, the energy and economic performance of a cascade air-to-water heat pump for producing high-temperature water (75 • C) at low ambient temperatures were investigated experimentally [75]. The results showed that The COP of the cascade heat pump increases as the ambient temperature rises but decreases as the water supply temperature rises.…”

Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State of the Art on Heat Pumps for Residential Buildings

et al. 2021

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Heat Pumps are becoming one of the most considered mechanical conditioning equipment in our buildings. While they are popular, there appears to be quite a vast range of system types and applications in building conditioning. This paper primarily reviews the literature on heat pumps, the various types, and the consideration of design end uses. The fact that there are different energy sources for heat pumps is considered, as well as the different sinks in which energy is stored or dissipated. It is evident that advanced heat pump systems cater well to the use of renewable energy resources. Therefore, in the move towards net-zero energy building operation, the correct selection of a heat pump can help to increase self-consumption of solar PV generation and even make use of direct solar energy heating. This paper reviews the technologies for heat pump selection, application, and design for residential buildings.

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Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art on Heat Pumps for Residential Buildings

et al. 2021

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“…Nowadays, an air-conditioning refrigeration system and a heat pump system are widely used as temperature-regulating equipment by people all over the world. Heat pumps are heavily used in a cold climate (Xu et al, 2020). Due to the extensive use of related equipment, they have led to huge energy consumption and considerable greenhouse gas emissions while improving people's quality of life (Xu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficiency Optimization Design of a Forward-Swept Axial Flow Fan for Heat Pump

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Energy Res.

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As one of the key components of the heat pump system, compared to that of a conventional axial fan, the blade tip area of a forward-swept axial fan is much larger than its blade root, which is the main noise source of the fan and also has an important influence on the fan efficiency. Enhancement of the aerodynamic performance and efficiency of a forward-swept axial fan was addressed by utilizing the Bezier function to parameterize the forward-swept curve on blade tops. In order to quickly select an agent model suitable for the project, an ES model was established by integration of the radial basis function model and the Kriging model. When NSGA-II was combined, multi-objective optimization was carried out with the flow rate and total pressure efficiency as optimization goals. Analysis of optimization results revealed that the optimized axial flow fan’s flow rate and total pressure efficiency were improved to some degree. At the design working point, the fan’s flow rate increased by 1.78 m³/min, while the total pressure efficiency increased by 3.0%. These results lay solid foundation for energy saving of the heat pump system.

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“…Fine et al [10] developed a numerical model of a solar-assisted cascade heat pump using photovoltaic thermal panels to provide the heat source and electricity to the system. Xu et al [11] presented an experimental investigation on an air-source cascade heat pump operating in cold climate conditions, demonstrating a higher efficiency in comparison to other heat solutions at low ambient temperature and in a high water-supply temperature region. Yang et al [12] proposed a single-fluid cascade air-source heat pump that can operate in different modes, and the analysis of the monitored data showed a linear increase in the heating capacity with the lower-stage compressor speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Ground-Source Heat Pump with R744 and R1234ze as Refrigerants

et al. 2020

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The energy-saving potential of heat pump technology is widely recognized in the building sector. In retrofit applications, especially in old and historic buildings, it may be difficult to replace the existing distribution and high-temperature emission systems. Often, historical buildings, especially the listed ones, cannot be thermally insulated; this leads to high temperatures of the heat carrier fluid for heating. In these cases, the main limits are related, on the one hand, to the reaching of the required temperatures, and on the other hand, to the obtaining of good performance even at high temperatures. To address these problems, a suitable solution can be a two-stage heat pump. In this work, a novel concept of a two-stage heat pump is proposed, based on a transcritical cycle that uses the natural fluid R744 (carbon dioxide) with an ejector system. The second refrigerant present in the heat pump and used for the high-temperature stage is the R1234ze, which is an HFO (hydrofluoro-olefin) fluid. This work aims to present the effective energy performance based on real data obtained in operating conditions in a monitoring campaign. The heat pump prototype used in this application is part of the H2020 Cheap-GSHP project, which was concluded in 2019.

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An experimental energy performance investigation and economic analysis on a cascade heat pump for high-temperature water in cold region

Cited by 55 publications

References 26 publications

State of the Art on Heat Pumps for Residential Buildings

State of the Art on Heat Pumps for Residential Buildings

Energy Efficiency Optimization Design of a Forward-Swept Axial Flow Fan for Heat Pump

A Novel Ground-Source Heat Pump with R744 and R1234ze as Refrigerants

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