An Experimental Comparison of Three Diagnosis Techniques for Discrete Event Systems

Boussif, Abderraouf; Liu, Baisi; Ghazel, Mohamed

doi:10.29007/vwc9

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, it is worth noticing that contrarily to the approaches in [17, 20] where two graphs need to be computed in order to analyze diagnosability, namely, MBRG/BRD in [17] and FM‐graph/FM‐set graph in [20], only one graph (SSD) is necessary to check diagnosability using our approach. Regarding the practical efficiency, a benchmark‐based experimental comparison we have performed in [37] shows that the SSD approach provides better results with the considered benchmark, compared to the approaches in [17] and [20].…”

Section: Experimentation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A semi‐symbolic diagnoser for fault diagnosis of bounded labeled petri nets

Boussif

Ghazel²,

Klaï

2020

Asian Journal of Control

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In this paper, we present a diagnoser‐based approach to deal with fault diagnosis of bounded labeled Petri nets. The approach consists in building a semi‐symbolic diagnoser to analyze diagnosability and perform online diagnosis. The contribution of this paper is twofold: (i) from the theoretical point of view, we provide new conditions for checking diagnosability based on a novel diagnoser variant that explicitly separates the normal reachable markings from the faulty ones, in each diagnoser node. This allows us to independently keep tracking the normal and the faulty diagnoser paths more efficiently. (ii) From the practical point of view and in order to reduce the memory required to build the diagnoser efficiently, we establish a semi‐symbolic encoding of the diagnoser state‐space. Such a representation deploys a symbolic encoding of the diagnoser nodes content, using Binary Decision Diagrams, while it keeps an explicit encoding of the observable transitions between the nodes. In addition, we provide an on‐the‐fly algorithm to simultaneously construct the diagnoser and analyze diagnosability. The effectiveness of the approach is illustrated through some experimentation performed on a Petri net benchmark.

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Section: Experimentation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A semi‐symbolic diagnoser for fault diagnosis of bounded labeled petri nets

Boussif

Ghazel²,

Klaï

2020

Asian Journal of Control

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“…In addition, they extended the model to support multiple railways. Many have used this extension as a benchmark for this domain [29], [30], [31], and we use it to continue our comparison. Figure 6 presents the extended PN model of [26] and our extended BP model.…”

Section: Expanding To Multi-trackmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Petri Net Obliges Us to Say: Comparing Approaches for Behavior Composition

Elyasaf¹,

Yaacov²,

Weiss³

2022

Preprint

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We identify and demonstrate a weakness of Petri Nets (PN) in specifying complex behavior. Specifically, we show how, when specifying multiple requirements in one Petri net model, modelers are obliged to specify mechanisms for combining these requirements. This yields, in many cases, over-specification and incorrect models. We demonstrate how some execution paths are missed, and some are generated unintentionally. To support this claim, we analyze Petri net models from the literature, identify the combination mechanisms, and demonstrate their effect on the correctness of the model. To address this problem, we propose to model the system behavior using behavioral programming (BP), a software development and modeling paradigm designed for seamless integration of independent requirements. Specifically, we demonstrate how the semantics of BP, which define how to interweave scenarios into a single model, allow avoiding the over-specification. Additionally, while BP maintains the same mathematical properties as PN, it provides means for changing the model dynamically, thus increasing the agility of the specification. We compare BP and PN in quantitative and qualitative measures by analyzing the models, their generated execution paths, and the specification process. Finally, while BP is supported by tools that allow for applying formal methods and reasoning techniques to the model, it lacks the legacy of PN tools and algorithms. To address this issue, we propose semantics and a tool for translating BP models to PN and vice versa.

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“…Studies that focus on the cell entry mechanisms for several nonviral vectors, including liposomes, lipospermines, poly(ethylenimine) and PAMAM dendrimers have been previously reported [23][24][25][26][27]. Figure 18.7 shows a proposed dendrimer-DNA complex pathway into cells with subsequent processing [28,29].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Dendrimer-mediated Cell Entrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enhanced dendrimer-mediated transfection can be obtained in several cell types using chloroquine, an inhibitor of endosomal acidification. It has been postulated that branched cationic polymers have a high buffer capacity owing to the basic amine groups [25,32]. This characteristic enables dendrimers to act as a weak base and retard degradation caused by acidification within the endosome-lysosome.…”

Section: Bioapplications Of Pamam Dendrimers 449mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This characteristic enables dendrimers to act as a weak base and retard degradation caused by acidification within the endosome-lysosome. A reduction in pH might also lead to polymeric swelling within the endosome, thus disrupting the membrane barrier of the organelle and promoting DNA and/or complex release [23,25]. After discharge from the endosome, DNA must penetrate the nuclear membrane for transcription and subsequent expression to occur.…”

Section: Bioapplications Of Pamam Dendrimers 449mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene Transfer Using StarburstTM Dendrimers

Latallo¹,

Bielinska²,

Chen³

et al. 1998

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The new class of synthetic, highly branched, spherical Starburst™ polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer polymers is unique in structure. These molecules are uniform in size with a high density of charged primary amino groups restricted to the surface, as well as being highly soluble and stable in aqueous solution. The major structural differences in PAMAM dendrimers relate to the initiator molecule, either ammonia (NH 3 ) as trivalent or ethylenediamine (EDA) as a tetravalent core, that starts the stepwise polymerization process and determines the overall shape, density, and surface charge of the molecule. With each new layer, or generation, the molecular weight of the polymer more than doubles and the number of surface amino groups exactly doubles. Dendrimers range in size from 10 to 130 A, with each polymerization step adding approximately 10 Ä to the diameter of the molecule. At least 10 generations of both types of PAMAM dendrimers (NH 3 and EDA core) can be synthesized (Tomalia etai, 1990). Each final dendrimer preparation is purified using ultrafiltration and structurally characterized using a number of techniques including electrospray-ionization mass spectroscopy, I3 C and 'H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gel electrophoresis (Tomalia et al, 1990). Starburst™ PAMAM dendrimers are identified using a standard nomenclature; for example G10 EDA is the 10th generation of an EDA core dendrimer. PAMAM dendrimers are currently the only class of dendritic macromolecules that are reliably produced in large quantities and that can be precisely synthesized over a broad range of molecular weights. The defined size, structure, and large number of surface amino groups of PAMAM dendrimers have enabled polymers to be employed as a substrate for the attachment of antibodies, contrast agents, and radionuclides for applications in different areas of biology and medicine. Studies using antibody-dendrimer conjugates in vitro and in vivo in 029 242 SELF-ASSEMBLINC COMPLEXES FOR GENE DELIVERYta X r P^? T al a f malS haVC d0C r Cnted these con J'"gates to be nontoxic and able to target biological agents to specific cells (Wiener ctal., 1994; Barth etai, 1994) ammo™ etal 1996; B.elmska et al., 1996). Several models of gene delivery have been evaluated using dendrimers complex* with reporter plasmids, con LinTgenes of the ell XT 01 erem "^ Pr0m0terS ' and with -pect'to specific bioTog^ of the cell. The reporter genes included chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) ^galactosidase (/*gal) luciferase (luc), or green fluorescence protein GFP M^ of these vectors can also be used to determine the cellular localization of the expressed reporter gene product in vitro and in vivo (£gal, CAT, GFP) In vitro gene transferIn vitro gene transfer using synthetic dendritic polymers has recently experienced rapid growth The efforts to understand the structure of the UNASS hiTthn a 0 n i 0 ;v T aniSm ^t ranSfeCti0n -crucüü to ...

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An Experimental Comparison of Three Diagnosis Techniques for Discrete Event Systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

A semi‐symbolic diagnoser for fault diagnosis of bounded labeled petri nets

A semi‐symbolic diagnoser for fault diagnosis of bounded labeled petri nets

What Petri Net Obliges Us to Say: Comparing Approaches for Behavior Composition

Gene Transfer Using StarburstTM Dendrimers

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