An experimental approach to simulate transgene pyramiding for the deployment of <i>cry</i> genes to control potato tuber moth (<i>Phthorimaea operculella</i>)

Meiyalaghan, Sathiyamoorthy; Butler, Ruth; Wratten, Stephen D.; Conner, A. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2006.00060.x

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Efficient and reliable transformation systems are now available for all major crops (Howarth et al , 2005; Shewry & Jones, 2005; Meiyalaghan et al , 2006) including cereals and potatoes, which are of greatest concern to food processors in relation to acrylamide formation. Determination of the factors and mechanisms that determine asparagine accumulation may therefore ultimately be manipulated to give safer food products for consumers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asparagine in plants

Lea¹,

Sodek²,

Parry³

et al. 2006

Annals of Applied Biology

585

433

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Interest in plant asparagine has rapidly taken off over the past 5 years following the report that acrylamide, a neurotoxin and potential carcinogen, is present in cooked foods, particularly carbohydrate-rich foods such as wheat and potatoes which are subjected to roasting, baking or frying at high temperatures. Subsequent studies showed that acrylamide could be formed in foods by the thermal degradation of free asparagine in the presence of sugars in the Maillard reaction. In this article, our current knowledge of asparagine in plants and in particular its occurrence in cereal seeds and potatoes is reviewed and discussed in relation to acrylamide formation. There is now clear evidence that soluble asparagine accumulates in most if not all plant organs during periods of low rates of protein synthesis and a plentiful supply of reduced nitrogen. The accumulation of asparagine occurs during normal physiological processes such as seed germination and nitrogen transport. However, in addition, stress-induced asparagine accumulation can be caused by mineral deficiencies, drought, salt, toxic metals and pathogen attack. The properties and gene regulation of the enzymes involved in asparagine synthesis and breakdown in plants are discussed in detail.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asparagine in plants

Lea¹,

Sodek²,

Parry³

et al. 2006

Annals of Applied Biology

585

433

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show abstract

“…However, this level of resistance was no greater than that previously observed from the use of only the cry1Ac9 gene (Davidson et al 2002, 2004, Meiyalaghan et al 2006a or only the cry9Aa2 gene (Meiyalaghan et al 2005(Meiyalaghan et al , 2006aJacobs et al 2009). The failure to observe an enhanced level of resistance to PTM larvae is surprising given the previous experimental results from simulating the pyramiding of several cry genes (Meiyalaghan et al 2006c). When alternating the daily feeding of PTM larvae between pairs of potato plants, combinations of cry genes were largely consistent with additive impacts on PTM larvae.…”

Section: Re-transformation Simultaneous Transformationmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…When alternating the daily feeding of PTM larvae between pairs of potato plants, combinations of cry genes were largely consistent with additive impacts on PTM larvae. The results from the combination of the cry1Ac9 and cry9Aa2 genes were even suggestive of slight synergistic effects (Meiyalaghan et al 2006c). It is possible that the development of further transgenic potatoes lines with both the cry1Ac9 and cry9Aa2 genes might allow the recovery of some lines with higher expression of both genes and the expected enhanced resistance to PTM larvae.…”

Section: Re-transformation Simultaneous Transformationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pyramiding transgenes for potato tuber moth resistance in potato

Meiyalaghan

Pringle

Barrell

et al. 2010

Plant Biotechnol Rep

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The feasibility of two strategies for transgene pyramiding using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was investigated to develop a transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Iwa) with resistance to potato tuber moth (PTM) (Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller)). In the first approach, cry1Ac9 and cry9Aa2 genes were introduced simultaneously using a kanamycin (nptII) selectable marker gene. The second approach involved the sequential introduction (re-transformation) of a cry1Ac9 gene, using a hygromycin resistance (hpt) selectable marker gene, into an existing line transgenic for a cry9Aa2 gene and a kanamycin resistance (nptII) selectable marker gene. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the presence of the specific selectable marker gene and both cry genes in all regenerated lines. The relative steady-state level of the cry gene transcripts in leaves was quantified in all regenerated lines by real-time PCR analysis. Re-transformation proved to be a flexible approach to effectively pyramid genes for PTM resistance in potato, since it allowed the second gene to be added to a line that was previously identified as having a high level of resistance. Larval growth of PTM was significantly inhibited on excised greenhouse-grown leaves in all transgenic lines, although no lines expressing both cry genes exhibited any greater resistance to PTM larvae over that previously observed for the individual genes. It is anticipated that these lines will permit more durable resistance by delaying the opportunities for PTM adaptation to the individual cry genes.

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“…Nevertheless, molecular plant biotechnology has the potential to deliver high and stable yields. Once key genes are identified, they can be combined through gene pyramiding (Meiyalaghan et al , 2006) to improve crop performance. In addition, the potential of new germplasm will only be realised if agronomists and farmers not only adopt the new genotypes but also the latest developments in agronomic practice (Cantero‐Martinez et al , 2007; Kirda et al , 2007; Saeed et al , 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%