An experimental and theoretical study of the offset launch technique for the enhancement of the bandwidth of multimode fiber links

Design Considerations for a Transparent Mode Group Diversity Multiplexing Link

“…This is due to the differential mode delay (DMD) among the propagating modes. To enhance the performance of GI-MMF links, techniques such as selective mode launch [1] and spatially resolved equalization [2] can be applied. As a step further and aiming at the integration of several services-such as analog/digital TV, Internet traffic and voice-over a common optical infrastructure, different groups of modes can be excited and used as independent, parallel communication channels.…”

Overcoming Modal Bandwidth Limitation in Radio-over-Multimode Fiber Links

“…The frequency modulation of a light source by a sinusoid signal of sweep frequency can be represented by (1) where indicates the frequency modulation index and is the amplitude of the optical field.…”

“…Research efforts have been mainly dedicated to enhance baseband digital transmission performance of MMF links [1], as well as to develop low-cost radio-over-fiber (RoF) techniques for short MMF distances [2]. For the emerging broadband wireless systems operating at carrier frequencies in the microwave/millimeter wave bands, the theoretical modal bandwidth limit imposed by the well-known bandwidth-distance product, confines the use of MMF to very short links.…”

Transmission of Microwave Signals beyond the Modal Bandwidth of Multimode Fiber Links

“…the multiplication factor, depends on the optical spectrum broadening produced by the optical FM, which is related to the frequency modulation index /3 according to fA =/3f., (1) where f4 is the optical frequency deviation produced. The index / was set to the maximum allowed by the phase modulator employed in the experiment.…”

“…Research efforts have been mainly dedicated to enhance baseband digital transmission performance of MMF links [1]- [4], whose modal bandwidth imposes an upper limit on the achievable transmission speed and link distance. In the access network scenario, broadband wireless services are undoubtedly a prominent player, and radio over multimode fiber based distribution antenna systems makes possible a potentially cost-effective roll-out of wireless access infrastructure and its convergence with fiber-based access networks.…”