An Experiment Using the Graphic Variable Color and the See Color Code on Isarithmic Maps Accessible to Blind and Normally Sighted People

Abstract

The See Color is a color coding system based on Braille writing to communicate colors to people with visual impairments. This study assessed the perception of the theme Temperature by blind people, by using the See Color code on two isarithmic tactile maps and the perception of subjects with normal color vision. An average temperature map of Australia had 10 classes, but these intervals were regrouped into four classes on Corel Draw software. The new map was duplicated in the digital project in A4 size, both included the See Color code in two color schemes obtained from the Color Brewer website. Subsequently, they were laser-printed on swell paper to produce the tactile relief. The chromatic perception was observed, as well as the thermal sensations that the colors could represent for blind participants (06), normally sighted participants in basic education (23), and normally sighted participants in higher education (20). In this research, the See Color code showed the potential to provide spatial knowledge as a graphic language through colors in color maps for adventitiously blind and for normally sighted participants based on their perception of colors and tactile color codes.

Static and Dynamic Flow Maps: Comparing the Usability Between Impaired Color Vision and Normal Color Vision

“…Due to the incidence of color vision deficiency occurring in 8% of men and 0.4% in women (POKORNY et al, 1979;SHARPE et al, 1999), the CVD group was formed by 10 male people, with age above 18 years old and less than 40 years old. Still, this number is due to the difficulty in recruiting participants with visual impairments to carry out experiments (MAIA, 2013;ARAÚJO et al, 2021). The NCV group's age average was 29 years and sampling standard deviation of 6.28 while the CVD group's age average was 27 years old and the sampling standard deviation of 7.46.…”

Evaluation of a braille-based colour code proposal for people with visual impairment

“…Therefore, although there are studies and propositions of multi-sensory experiences for colour recognition, such as applying sounds, temperature, or scents , the most accepted approach to the colour challenge is the use of tactile colour patterns (TCP), as also proposed by Cho et al (2020) for art appreciation and by Araújo et al (2020) for the representation isarithmic maps of temperature, commonly used in Geography discipline. Also, Jabbar et al (2021) present a wearable assistive technology for visual impairment aiming a tactile colour translation for artwork.…”

“…Colours are involved in product choices for personal presentation, such as clothes and make-up, that can potentially reflect in identity issues, such as self-esteem and social inclusion, including art appreciation (CHO et al, 2020;JABBAR et al, 2021) and many other basic situations. They are also part of the educational context as some knowledge is represented and communicated by means of colours (ARAÚJO et al, 2020;BIANCHI et al, 2016;CAMARGO et al, 2008;CAMARGO, 2012). Thus, giving access to colour information for PVIs means to contribute for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the United Nations (UN), such as reducing inequalities (SDG 10), ensuring quality education (SDG 4), and consequently promoting decent work for all (SDG 8) (UN, 2015).…”