“…The downside is that DEA is based on deterministic assumptions and makes no allowance for stochastic errors. DEA has frequently been applied in the education context (Tomkins and Green, 1988;Ahn et al, 1989;Beasley, 1990Beasley, , 1995Johnes, 1992, 1993;Ahn and Seiford, 1993;El-Mahgary and Lahdelma, 1995;Athanassopoulos and Shale, 1997;Madden et al, 1997;Sarrico et al, 1997;Coelli et al, 1998;Sarrico and Dyson, 2000;Avkiran, 2001;Korhonen et al, 2001;Abbott and Doucouliagos, 2003;Johnes, 2006b).…”