An expeditious, highly efficient, catalyst and solvent-free synthesis of 9,10-dihydro-anthracene-9,10-α,β-succiniimide derivatives

Abstract

A simple, fast, and highly efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 9,10-dihydro-anthracene-9,10-a,b-succinic imide derivatives by simple mixing and grinding of 9,10-dihydro-anthracene-9,10-a,b-succinic anhydride with various aliphatic, aromatic amines, and hydrazines. This catalyst and solvent-free green approach provided the condensation products within few minutes at room temperature in quantitative yield.

Photoactivatable Anthracenes

“…The cycloaddition of maleic anhydride on the central ring of anthracene introduces a bridge between positions 9 and 10 of the oligoacene platform in the shape of cycloadduct 1 (Figure 1). 30 This compound is a valuable precursor for the generation of an entire family of anthracene cycloadducts, differing in the nature of the bridging unit. Specifically, treatment of 1 with primary amines 2−11, in the presence of potassium carbonate, produces imides 12−21 in yields ranging from 32 to 63%.…”

“…Chemicals were purchased from commercial sources and used as received with the exception of MeCN, which was distilled over CaH 2 . Compounds 1 , 12 – 15 , 22 , and 30 – 32 were prepared according to literature procedures. − Electrospray ionization mass spectra (ESIMS) were recorded with a TOF-Q spectrometer. NMR spectra were recorded with 300 and 400 MHz spectrometers.…”

Azo Dyes: Preparation Via Environmentally Benign Way

“…Grindstone Chemistry opened a research window where organic compounds could be constructed under ecofriendly conditions [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Moreover, the green organic synthesis via grinding at room temperature represents a benign way towards the green and sustainable context of Chemistry [35][36][37].…”

Environmentally green approach to synthesize azo dyes based on 1-naphthol using nano BF3·SiO2under solvent-free conditions

“…At the beginning of the new century, synthesis of organic compounds using grinding technique under solvent-free conditions (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) has received much attention, as it provides manipulative simplicity, greater selectivity, easier workup, lesser reaction times, and higher yields which match with the green chemistry protocol. On the other side, more attention has been directed toward the application of solid acids in organic synthesis because such reagents not only simplify purification processes but also help prevent release of reaction residues into the environment (9,10).…”