An Exonic &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;γ&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt; Coactivator-1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;α Variation May Mediate the Resting Energy Expenditure through a Potential Regulatory Role on Important Gene Expression in This Pathway

Maghbooli

et al. 2018

Lipids

Self Cite

Recent studies have shown that dietary intake and genetic variants play a decisive role in the risk of obesity. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the interaction between dietary fat and PPARGC1A polymorphisms on the level of resting metabolic rate (RMR). We enrolled 288 Iranian overweight and obese women in this cross-sectional study. We sequenced the 648 b.p. DNA in Exon 8 of PPARGC1A gene. We analyzed the two single-nucleotide polymorphisms, namely rs11290186 and rs2970847, in this region. All participants were assessed for RMR, dietary intake, and body composition. This study demonstrated that total cholesterol and insulin levels were positively associated with T allele carriers of rs2970847. Moreover, the A-deletion allele carrier of the rs11290186 genotype had higher triacylglycerol and insulin concentrations. The current study revealed that, after adjustment for energy intake, the AA genotype of PPARGC1A (rs11290186) had a direct association with polyunsaturated fatty acids and linoleic acid intakes. Another important finding in our study was that there was an interaction seen between fat and saturated fatty acids intake with the PPARGC1A genotypes. Women with fat intakes of more than 30% of calorie intake per day and the A-deletion genotype had a lower RMR and RMR/fat free mass (FFM). It seems that the PPARGC1A polymorphisms lead to the downregulation of insulin signaling and subsequently insulin resistance. In addition, the interactions between the PPARGC1A polymorphisms (rs11290186) and the level of dietary fat intake probably can have an effect on RMR and RMR/FFM in obese women.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Variants in the PPARGC1A Gene may Influence the Effect of Fat Intake on Resting Metabolic Rate in Obese Women

Moradi

Maghbooli

et al. 2018

Lipids

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“…The accuracy of anthropometric measurements of height/waist and weight were 0.1 cm and 100 g, respectively. Complete body composition analysis was explained previously [24]. Body composition analyzer BC-418MA-Tanita (United Kingdom) was used to calculate the participant’s body composition [25] including weight, fat mass, fat-free mass, body fat percentage, muscle mass, visceral fat mass, abdominal fat mass.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Status and Resting Metabolic Rate May Modify through Expression of Vitamin D Receptor and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1 Alpha Gene in Overweight and Obese Adults

Sajjadi¹,

Khorraminezhad

et al. 2017

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: Resting metabolic rate (RMR) used to prognosticate and measure the amount of energy required. Vitamin D is known as a new predictor of RMR. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between vitamin D effects on RMR in connection with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) gene expression. Methods: We enrolled 298 overweight and obese adults in this cross-sectional study. Body mass index (BMI), fat mass, fat-free mass, insulin level, visceral fat, and vitamin D status were assessed. RMR was measured by means of indirect calorimetry. The real-time polymerase chain reaction using specific primer pairs for VDR and PGC-1α was performed. Results: There were significant differences in terms of fat free mass, fat percentage, insulin levels, RMR/kg body weight, and RMR/BMI, VDR, and PGC-1α among participants were categorized based on the vitamin D status. But after using general linear model for adjusting, all significant results missed their effectiveness except RMR/kg body weight and VDR. Linear regression analysis used to show the mediatory role of VDR and PGC-1α on the RMR/kg body weight and vitamin D status relationship. Our results showed that VDR had a mediatory effect on the relationship between RMR/kg body weight and vitamin D status (β = 0.38, 95% CI –0.48 to 1.60; β = –1.24, 95% CI –5.36 to 1.70). However, PGC-1α did not affect the relationship between RMR/kg body weight and vitamin D status (β = 0.50, 95% CI = –0.02 to 3.42; β = 0.59, 95% CI 0.14–3.90). Conclusion: Our study showed the mediatory effect of VDR gene expression in the association of 25(OH)₂D plasma levels and resting metabolic rate among obese individuals.

“…Complete body composition analysis was described previously [24]. We assessed total body composition of subjects using a BC-418MA body composition analyzer (Illinois, USA).…”

Section: Complete Body Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory Role of Omentin-1 in Inflammation: Cytokines and Dietary Intake

Zabetian-Targhi

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

Keshavarz

et al. 2016

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Omentin-1 has an anti-inflammatory role in obesity and exerts its effects probably by inducing an increase in Th-2 cytokines comprising IL-13 and IL-4. Omentin-1 is not related to IL-17, a regulatory T cell cytokine, which modulates T helper balance. Levels of inflammatory cytokines are decreased in higher concentrations of omentin-1, except IL-1β. Lower intake of SFA may modify omentin-1 levels in women. Our study demonstrated the probable protective role of omentin-1 in obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance.