An examination of the mediating role of salt knowledge and beliefs on the relationship between socio-demographic factors and discretionary salt use: a cross-sectional study

Sarmugam, Rani; Worsley, Anthony; Wang, Wei Chun

doi:10.1186/1479-5868-10-25

Cited by 67 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Non-salt users were those who never, rarely, or sometimes added salt in cooking or at the table. Salt users where those who had selected the answers “always” or “often” [49, 50].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readiness for behavioral change of discretionary salt intake among women in Tehran, Iran

Kholdi

Pouraram²,

Pirasteh

et al. 2018

Preprint

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14Background 15 It is vitally important to take into consideration women's role in dietary pattern choice and family 16 food management. Since women's readiness for dietary behavioral change can be one of the most 17 effective fundamental measures for preventing chronic diseases in developing countries, the 18 present study is aimed to determine the readiness for behavioral change in voluntary salt intake as 19 well as its determinants among women living in Tehran. 20Materials and methods 21 The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 561 women referring to the women care units 22 across city of Tehran. In this regard, demographic information of the participants was collected. 23The self-administered questionnaire included assessment of nutrition-related knowledge on salt 24 intake and its association with diseases, discretionary salt intake, stages of change, and self-25 efficacy of women. In addition, the logistic regression test was used to determine the predictors of 26 women's readiness for behavioral change in voluntary salt intake. 27 Results 2840% women had someone in the family who had such a limitation (salt intake-limited exposure 29 group), while 81.6% always or often added salt to their foods. Moreover, one-third of the 2 30 participants were in the stage of pre-contemplation and 41.2% were in the stage of preparation for 31 reducing salt intake. Stage of change increased with an increase in the self-efficacy score (r=0.42, 32 p<0.001). Self-efficacy and salt intake-limited exposure were the two most important determinants 33 of the women's readiness for behavioral change in voluntary salt intake, respectively: (OR=1.1 34 95% CI: 1.06-1.14 p<0.001; OR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.03-2.42 p<0.038) 35 Conclusions 36Results of the present study showed that increased self-efficacy is associated with higher levels 37 of behavioral change among women. Since self-efficacy is very important for initiating and 38 maintaining the behavioral change, women's empowerment for reducing salt intake necessitates 39 putting the emphasis on increased self-efficacy as well as community-based nutritional 40 interventions. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 3 55 Introduction 56 57 Behavior change is a process which occurs in individuals with different levels of motivation and 58 readiness for change [1-3]. Changing health-related behaviors can significantly affect some of the 59 most important causes of death and diseases. Behavior plays a pivotal role in health. Evidence 60 suggests that different behavioral patterns are deeply rooted in sociocultural conditions and depend 61 on cultural background. Currently, behavior change interventions have a high potential for 62 changing the current pattern of diseases. It is difficult to change the genetic pre disposition to 63 diseases and social conditions, at least in the short term [4]. 64 Studies which assess individuals' readiness to change health behaviors reveal that over one-third 65 of people are at the pre-contemplation stage and few (8-14%) at the preparation...

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“…Non-salt users were those who never, rarely, or sometimes added salt in cooking or at the table. Salt users where those who had selected the answers “always” or “often” [49, 50].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readiness for behavioral change of discretionary salt intake among women in Tehran, Iran

Kholdi

Pouraram²,

Pirasteh

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…This is the reason for necessity of campaign in mass media to change community habits of salt consumption. This campaign aims to limit the habit of adding salt and monosodium glutamate-based flavoring when cooking as well as change a habit of providing table salt when eating and encourage the usage of herbs spices more in cooking [16], [17], [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Campaign intervention by advertisement in radio and television significantly help improving knowledge, attitude or belief and behaviour change in population levels to determine step for considering and starting to limit salt consumption [20]. Movement that the community did in order to participate in salt consumption limitation implemented by reducing additional salt and monosodium glutamate-based flavoring for cooking and changing their habit on placing table salt when eating, while the use of herbs and spices for cooking is significantly higher [16], [17], [19]. Besides, campaign could help the community suppress their habit to consume processed foods and beverages such as soda, sauces, dressing and cooking spices, sweet and savory snacks [13], [19].…”

Section: Mass Media Campaign To Reduce Salt Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Community-based Health Education to Improve Quality of Nursing Services for People with Hypertension : A Literature Review

Nasela¹,

Latumenasse²,

Tatisina³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2019 – Health Science and Nursing (IcoSIHSN 2019)

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Background: Essential hypertension is the most popular catastrophic case in Indonesia referred from primary health services to hospitals. High number of morbidity and mortality caused by hypertension increases financial burden of a state for catastrophic diseases. The current effort of our government to prevent and control hypertension is by health promotion through confirmation, information, and education. However, the facts that hypertension prevention keeps on developing making it a continuous global challenge for the professionals of health services. This is the reason why it's important to investigate interventions that could increase control the blood pressure. The aim of this systematic review is to gain the best literatures about health education on community-based hypertension prevention that has potential strength to regenerate clinical practice recommendations to improve preventive and promotive efforts for hypertension. Method of this literature review was using systematic searching of electronic databases from Google and Pubmed by following keywords: hypertension intervention strategies + journal, community based hypertension control programs that work + journal, hypertension AND community based health education, hypertension AND community-based nutrition DASH, hypertension AND community based control programs. Inclusion criteria of the study focused on community-based education interventions for hypertension and have completed explanation about it while exclusion criteria of the study was all articles that younger than the last 10 years. 13 articles based on the above criteria were chosen to proceed. Results of the study show that all researches were done in developed countries and most of the articles were using quantitative methods. Community-based health education for people with hypertension is an effort to help hypertension control programs. There are four health interventions related to community-based hypertension education program which are mass media campaign to reduce salt consumption, workshop programs through social volunteering or health activists, hypertension group education about DASH and lifestyle then comprehensive hypertension prevention and promotive programs. Community-based health education approaches through these interventions could be used to control the uncontrollable hypertension in the community. Multicomponent and multilevel cooperation as well as financially effective efforts to prevent, detect and manage hypertension could be gained by implementing all of these interventions.

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“…The survey was based on a previously validated salt knowledge questionnaire [62,64], while other questions were modelled on those used in past surveys [65-67], and was tested for readability in 5 parents from varying demographic backgrounds. The pre- and postintervention surveys for parents were identical, with the exception of excluding demographic information on the follow-up survey.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a Web-Based Program to Reduce Dietary Salt Intake in Schoolchildren: Study Protocol

Grimes¹,

Booth²,

Khokhar³

et al. 2017

JMIR Res Protoc

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BackgroundSalt intake of schoolchildren in the Australian state of Victoria is high. To protect future cardiovascular health, interventions that seek to reduce the amount of salt in children’s diets are required.ObjectiveWe sought to develop and pilot test a Web-based program (Digital Education to Limit Salt Intake in the Home [DELISH]) that aims to reduce dietary salt intake among schoolchildren and to improve child and parent knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to salt intake. This paper presents the DELISH study protocol, along with pilot findings used to inform the development of the program.MethodsThe DELISH program is a 5-week Web-based intervention that targets schoolchildren aged 7-10 years and their parents. This is a single-arm study with a pretest and posttest design. We will assess change in salt intake through analysis of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion. Children and parents will complete online surveys assessing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to salt intake. We will assess feasibility of the program via process measures, which include metrics to describe intervention uptake (eg, number of children who complete Web-based sessions and of parents who view online newsletters) and evaluation surveys and interviews conducted with children, parents, and schoolteachers. The first 2 Web sessions developed for children were pilot tested in 19 children aged 8-12 years.ResultsFindings from pilot testing indicated that most children (session 1: 18/19, 95%; and session 2: 19/19, 100%) enjoyed completing each session and liked the inclusion of comic strips and interactive games. Commonly reported areas of improvement related to sessions being text and content heavy. Based on these findings, we simplified sessions and developed 3 additional sessions for use in the DELISH program. The DELISH program was implemented during June-December 2016. We expect to have results from this study at the end of 2017.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first Australian study to examine the effectiveness of a Web-based program to reduce salt intake among children in primary school. If shown to be acceptable and effective in lowering salt intake, the DELISH program could be tested using a more rigorous randomized controlled trial design.

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An examination of the mediating role of salt knowledge and beliefs on the relationship between socio-demographic factors and discretionary salt use: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 67 publications

References 57 publications

Readiness for behavioral change of discretionary salt intake among women in Tehran, Iran

Readiness for behavioral change of discretionary salt intake among women in Tehran, Iran

The Impact of Community-based Health Education to Improve Quality of Nursing Services for People with Hypertension : A Literature Review

The Development of a Web-Based Program to Reduce Dietary Salt Intake in Schoolchildren: Study Protocol

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