2001
DOI: 10.1177/000765030104000303
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An Examination of the Influence of Diversity and Stakeholder Role on Corporate Social Orientation

Abstract: This article examines the extent to which diversity characteristics and stakeholder role influence individuals’ corporate social orientation (CSO). Our findings indicate that one’s relationship to the organization as well as diversity, gender, and race influence one’s CSO. Specifically, we found that employees’ greatest concern was economic whereas customers had a stronger ethical orientation. The results also suggest that women as well as Black employees and customers place more emphasis on whether an organiz… Show more

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Cited by 135 publications
(106 citation statements)
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“…In contrast to the other two transaction focused dimensions, benevolence reflects perceptions of the marketer's willingness to engage in discretionary or philanthropic commitment to its customers. A similar dimensional distinction can be found in the corporate social responsibility literature (Carroll, 1979;Smith et al, 2001). According to this literature, stakeholders such as consumers, employees, board members value merchant characteristics (such as transaction abilities, legal integrity, and ethical orientation) significantly more than the merchant's discretionary or philanthropic responsibilities (Edmondson and Carroll, 1999;Ibrahim and Angelids, 1993).…”
Section: Trust and Trustworthinesssupporting
confidence: 60%
“…In contrast to the other two transaction focused dimensions, benevolence reflects perceptions of the marketer's willingness to engage in discretionary or philanthropic commitment to its customers. A similar dimensional distinction can be found in the corporate social responsibility literature (Carroll, 1979;Smith et al, 2001). According to this literature, stakeholders such as consumers, employees, board members value merchant characteristics (such as transaction abilities, legal integrity, and ethical orientation) significantly more than the merchant's discretionary or philanthropic responsibilities (Edmondson and Carroll, 1999;Ibrahim and Angelids, 1993).…”
Section: Trust and Trustworthinesssupporting
confidence: 60%
“…Social identity theory also implies that persons are able to enhance their self-concept by recognizing that their own group is better than other groups [26]. When internal stakeholders such as organizational members evaluate the organization to which they belong, they have a tendency to place great importance on the social activities carried out by their organization [27].…”
Section: Hypothesis Developmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Garriga and Melé (2004) have mapped the terrain of various CSR theories, sorting these into four categories: (1) instrumental 3 It should be noted that, while much of the literature review and policy discussion is from the buyer's perspective (i.e., government and public procurement as CSR drivers), this paper examines supplier CSR orientations in order to assess the buyer's influences on those orientations. 4 See, for example, Acar et al (2001), Aupperle et al (1985), Burton et al (2000), Edmondson and Carroll (1999), Ibrahim and Angelidis (1993, 1994, 1995, Ibrahim and Parsa (2005), Ibrahim et al (1997), Petrick et al (1994), Pinkston and Carroll (1994), Smith and Blackburn (1988), Smith et al (2001Smith et al ( , 2004. The instrument has been well tested for content validity and reliability; see Ibrahim et al (2008, p. 168) on the strength of this methodology.…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%