An examination of the effects of males on the survival and egg-production rates of female Drosophila melanogaster

Partridge, Linda; Fowler, Kevin; Trevitt, Sara; Sharp, William C.

doi:10.1016/0022-1910(86)90140-x

Cited by 125 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In any case, the presence of an apparent paternal effect implies that one or more components of a sire's ejaculate (or the sire's behaviour) somehow influence the fecundity of his offspring. Male Drosophila influence the fecundity of their mates (Markow & Ankney, 1984;Markow, 1988;Partridge et a!., 1986;Pitnick, 1991; see also Hoffmann & Harshman, 1985), and the developmental temperature of a male influences the longevity of its mate (Cohet & David, 1976). However, to our knowledge, any potential cross-generational effect of a male on the fecundity of his offspring (rather than of his mate) has not previously been documented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A given female's fecundity can be influenced by her genetics (Robertson, 1957), body size (Robertson, 1957), age (David, 1988) and also by her mate or by male effects (Markow & Ankney, 1984;Hoffmann & Harshman, 1985;Partridge et a!., 1986;Pitnick, 1991). Fecundity is also strongly influenced by environmental factors such as crowding and temperature (Robertson & Sang, 1944;David et al, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Within- and between-generation effects of temperature on early fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 1995

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We used a repeated-measures, four-factor experimental design to determine how the fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster during the first 5 days of adult life was influenced by paternal, maternal, developmental and laying temperature, with two different temperature levels (18°C vs. 25°C) per factor. Laying temperature had by far the largest effect on fecundity and accounted for 79 per cent of the variance in overall fecundity: flies laying at 25°C began laying eggs about a day earlier and had much higher daily fecundities than did those laying at 18°C. Developmental temperature had no significant effect either on overall fecundity or on the pattern of daily egg production. Dam temperature had a slight effect on the pattern of daily egg production, but not on overall fecundity. In contrast, sire temperature slightly influenced both overall fecundity and the pattern of daily egg production. Our results demonstrate that early fecundity is extraordinarily sensitive to laying temperature (360 per cent increase if laying at 25°C vs. at 18°C), but is relatively well buffered against developmental and cross-generational effects (maximum effect only 7 per cent, for sire temperature).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Within- and between-generation effects of temperature on early fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 1995

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“…The chemical profile of these compounds is unknown, except that some are proteins (Markow & Ankney, 1984). The effects on female survivorship and reproduction are, however, not monotomc functions of increased exposure to males (Partridge et a!., 1986) and are not consistent among geographically isolated populations (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of remating were investigated in a half-sib, full-sib experiment designed to distinguish between genetic and environmental influences on female fitness. Previous studies have shown remating influences on fitness components other than fecundity, such as longevity, in D. pseudoobscura (Turner & Anderson, 1983), and D. melanogaster (Partridge et al, 1986, and courtship behaviour and female fertility (Gromko, 1987(Gromko, , 1989. Unfortunately little is known of the systematic effects of remating on the genetic basis of multiple components of female fitness.…”

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confidence: 99%

Remating effects on the genetic structure of female life histories in populations of Drosophila mojavensis

Etges

Heed

1992

Heredity

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A quantitative genetic analysis of nine adult fitness components was performed in two populations of cactophilic Drosophila mojavensis under natural conditions of fermenting cactus and ethanol vapour. Female progeny from 18 sires and 36 dams were treated to a range of six exposure periods to males to assess effects of remating frequency on female fitness. Lifetime fecundity increased with increasing male exposure, but longevity showed an intermediate optimum with temporary exposure to males of 2-4 days. Narrow-sense heritabilities were significant for egg production traits while broad-sense heritabilities were significant for longevity-related traits. Positive genetic correlations between components of fitness were expressed among functionally related traits, e.g. longevity was positively correlated with lifetime fecundity, the number of clutches laid, clutch size, and the number of eggs laid per day. Negative genetic correlations were detected between early and late life fecundity suggesting genetic tradeoffs among components of adult fitness.Keywords: cactus, Drosophila, genetic correlation, heritability, life history, remating. IntroductionThe degree of parental investment in their genetic progeny is thought to result from a balance between future reproductive success and the immediate costs of parental care through investment of resources in current offspring. This classical tradeoff envisioned by Trivers (1972) has been perceived as a driving force in the evolution of plant and animal mating systems, particularly where sexual selection is involved (Parker, 1979). In many insect species, paternal contributions are essential elements of courtship behaviour and serve as nuptial gifts prior to copulation (Zeh & Smith, 1985). These paternal contributions include the provision of food captured or glandular secretions provided by males (Thornhill & Alcock, 1983). These contributions are presumably adaptive because they increase male mating success and may influence the fitness of his progeny. If females can choose males on the basis of their ability to provide, and such behaviour increases female fitness, sexual selection should reinforce natural selection and males that provide larger contributions will be favoured.The paternal contribution of substances other than *Correspondence 515 sperm used by females after copulation is well documented in 10 orders of insects (Thornhill & Alcock, 1983;Boggs, 1990). Within the Drosophilidae, paternal investment may involve courtship feeding (Steele, 1986a, b), where males present a nuptial gift of regurgitated food to the female as part of courtship behaviour or the direct contribution of ejaculate compounds that females assimilate into somatic and reproductive tissues (Chen & Buhier, 1970;Baumann, 1974;Markow & Ankney, 1984; Scott, 1986;Bownes & Partridge, 1987;Markow et al., 1990). Many compounds are present in the ejaculate of Drosophila males that can influence female receptivity to remating (Mane et a!., 1983; Scott, 1986), increase oviposition rates (Chen, 1984), and ...

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“…Several authors have suggested that the increased longevity of flies reared at lower temperatures could be due to their larger body size (Alpatov & Pearl, 1929;Burcombe & Hollingsworth, 1970;Mayer & Baker, 1985). Indeed, in Drosophila there is evidence, for a given developmental temperature, that larger flies live longer (Tantawy & Vetukhiv, 1960;Kidwell & Malick, 1965;Partridge & Farquhar, 1981;Partridge et al, 1986). This might imply that developmental time is not causally related to longevity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the developmental theory of ageing. II. The effect of developmental temperature on longevity in relation to adult body size in D. melanogaster

1992

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Flies from a wild type strain of Drosophila melanogaster, previously kept at 25°C, were reared at either 20, 25 or 29°C. As expected, developmental time and adult body size decreased with increasing temperature. Adult longevity of flies reared at 25°C was slightly greater than that of flies raised at 20 or 29°C when measured at all three temperatures. This may reflect the laboratory history of the strain. On the whole, it appeared that longevity was independent of adult body size. These results support our previous conclusion (Zwaan et a!., 1991) that developmental time and body size are not causally related to longevity in 'environmental' studies. It is stressed, that genetic analysis is needed to investigate the reputed correlation between development and ageing.

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An examination of the effects of males on the survival and egg-production rates of female Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 125 publications

References 24 publications

Within- and between-generation effects of temperature on early fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster

Within- and between-generation effects of temperature on early fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster

Remating effects on the genetic structure of female life histories in populations of Drosophila mojavensis

On the developmental theory of ageing. II. The effect of developmental temperature on longevity in relation to adult body size in D. melanogaster

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