An examination of the effect of ethanol–gasoline blends' physicochemical properties on emissions from a light-duty spark ignition engine

Bielaczyc, Piotr; Woodburn, Joseph; Klimkiewicz, Dariusz; Pajdowski, Piotr; Szczotka, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.07.030

Cited by 58 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…where: b j,avg (5)(6)(7)(8) -average distance emission value from the drives numbered 5-8, b j -specific distance emission value of the given substance. An analysis of the individual relative error values allows for the following observations to be made: • The relative error value for carbon dioxide distance emission (Fig.…”

Section: Exhaust Emission Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, efforts are being made to introduce such emission testing procedures, which would extend to include the operating range of the engine used in real driving conditions [4,5]. This is in contradiction to the previous testing procedures, where the exhaust emission values are measured in laboratory conditions (on chassis dynamometer for passenger cars) in the adopted type approval test [6][7][8][9]. Moreover, due to the global scope of production and sales of motor vehicles, there is a developing trend of type approval testing procedures unification [10,11].…”

Section: Road Driving Emission Tests Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Practicability of passenger vehicle driving emission tests according to new European Union procedures

2017

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Abstract. The article compares driving test data using the latest legislative proposals applicable to passenger cars. Several measurements were performed on the same test route in accordance with the RDE test guidelines, which requires a number of criteria to be met. These criteria include: the length of the measuring segments, their overall test time share, and the dynamic characteristics of the drive. A mobile device for reading the EOBD System information was used to record the engine and vehicle operating parameters during tests. This allowed for the monitoring of parameters such as: load value, engine speed and vehicle velocity. The obtained results were then analyzed for their compatibility with the RDE procedure requirements. Despite the same research route, the obtained results were not the same. The analysis also uses the two-dimensional operating time share characteristics expressed in vehicle velocity and acceleration co-ordinates. As a result it was possible to compare the dynamic properties, share of operating time and, consequently, to check the validity of conducted drive tests in terms of their practicability and emission values.

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Section: Exhaust Emission Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Road Driving Emission Tests Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practicability of passenger vehicle driving emission tests according to new European Union procedures

2017

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“…A cyclone separator removed particulates over 1000 nm to decrease the cleaning required. A comprehensive characterization of its operational principle can be found at another place in the literature [51]. The gaseous emissions (HC and NO x ) were analyzed using an exhaust gas analyzer, Model AVL Digas 4000 (AVL, Austria), with an accuracy of 1 ppm.…”

Section: Research Engine and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results showed that the PM emissions varied depending on the fuel blend employed. The E25 fuel was the best fuel with regard to PM emission, with the lowest PM mass emissions and the second-lowest PM number emissions [51]. Therefore, research on PM emissions for the anhydrous gasoline blends is needed to identify these odd trends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The industrialization that increases day by day needs more and more power/fuel sources that are commonly available, abundant, renewable, and environmentally friendly. Recently, nearly all of the cities in China (PRC) have been influenced by haze. However, the pollutants from automobiles have always been seriously considered to be the main contamination causes of the haze and that influence human health. This study concerns the impact of hydrous ethanol on in-cylinder pressure, particulate matter (PM), and gaseous emissions (oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and unburned hydrocarbon (HC)) from a port fuel injection (PFI) gasoline engine. Tests were conducted on a four-cylinder port injection gasoline engine at different engine loads at an engine speed of 2000 rev/min for commercial gasoline, hydrous ethanol-gasoline blends (10% and 20% hydrous ethanol by volume), and an anhydrous ethanol-gasoline blend (20% anhydrous ethanol by volume). The results show that the peak in-cylinder pressure with the use of gasoline was the highest compared with the hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blends. Compared with the anhydrous ethanol blend, the hydrous ethanol blends performed well at a high load condition, equivalent to a low load. In addition, the total particulate number (PN) declines with an increase in engine operating loads for all of the fuels tested. The outcome of this study is an important reduction in PM number, mass emissions, and mean diameters of particles as the use of hydrous ethanol blends increases, while the form of the particulate size distribution remains the same. Furthermore, the NO x emission is raised with a rise in engine load, and NO x and HC emissions are reduced with the use of hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blend as equated with pure gasoline. Moreover, the correlation between the total particle number against NO x and HC has been found; the number of particles increases when the NO x emission decreases, and the opposite trend is exhibited for the HC emission. Therefore, it can be concluded that hydrous ethanol blends look to be a good selection for PM, NO x , and HC reduction for gasoline engines.

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“…M15 emitted higher concentrations of methanol and formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde was not detected for M5 and M15 blends. Exhaust unburned ethanol was shown to be easier to eliminate than methanol in a vehicle three-way catalyst, while formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were eliminated with approximately equal efficiency [9]. Carbonyl species, including acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, are heavily dependent on engine operation and combustion mode, as noted by comparing spark ignition and homogeneous charge compression ignition [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of aldehyde emissions simulation with FTIR measurements in the exhaust of a spark ignition engine fueled by ethanol

Zárante

Sodré

2018

Heat Mass Transfer

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This work presents a numerical simulation model for aldehyde formation and exhaust emissions from ethanol-fueled spark ignition engines. The aldehyde simulation model was developed using FORTRAN software, with the input data obtained from the dedicated engine cycle simulation software AVL BOOST. The model calculates formaldehyde and acetaldehyde concentrations from post-flame partial oxidation of methane, ethane and unburned ethanol. The calculated values were compared with experimental data obtained from a mid-size sedan powered by a 1.4-l spark ignition engine, tested on a chassis dynamometer. Exhaust aldehyde concentrations were determined using a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy analyzer. In general, the results demonstrate that the concentrations of aldehydes and the source elements increased with engine speed and exhaust gas temperature. The measured acetaldehyde concentrations showed values from 3 to 6 times higher than formaldehyde in the range studied. The model could predict reasonably well the qualitative experimental trends, with the quantitative results showing a maximum discrepancy of 39% for acetaldehyde concentration and 21 ppm for exhaust formaldehyde.

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An examination of the effect of ethanol–gasoline blends' physicochemical properties on emissions from a light-duty spark ignition engine

Cited by 58 publications

References 10 publications

Practicability of passenger vehicle driving emission tests according to new European Union procedures

Practicability of passenger vehicle driving emission tests according to new European Union procedures

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

Comparison of aldehyde emissions simulation with FTIR measurements in the exhaust of a spark ignition engine fueled by ethanol

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