An examination of resilience cross-culturally in child and adolescent survivors of the 2008 China earthquake using the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)

Fu, Christine; Leoutsakos, Jeannie Marie S.; Underwood, Carol

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.041

Cited by 69 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Indeed resilience scores for this study were significantly lower than that reported for a comparative sample of Chinese caregivers (Yu 2008). This finding may also reflect differences in sociocultural values and norms between the two samples; variables shown to impact on perceptions of resilience (Fu et al 2014).…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Psychological Adjustment in Families Affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder

2015

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There is extensive evidence that parents and carers of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are vulnerable to experiencing mental health issues including having high risk of depression, anxiety and familial stress. Research also suggests that this stress can coexist with positive experiences of caregiving. However, the capacity to remain resilient, or thrive during difficult emotional experiences, is a relatively new concept in the ASD literature. The present study adds to current understanding of the mental health needs of female caregivers by evaluating data from a nationwide survey (N=438). The findings suggest that psychological outcome is primarily determined by individual coping responses, with avoidant strategies (disengagement, self-blame, denial, emotional venting) contributing to depressed mood in addition to anxiety and stress symptomatology. In comparison, action-oriented strategies (planning, acceptance, positive reframing) characterised resilience. Perceived support needs and, to a lesser extent, child behaviour, also had important contextual influences. Future longitudinal research will help to refine the variables implicated in the adjustment process, including changes in caregivers' repertoire of cognitive and behavioural coping responses over time.

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Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Psychological Adjustment in Families Affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder

2015

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“…Other studies of the CD-RISC in different populations have found distinct factor structures, including a three-factor solution in South African adolescents [20] and a two-factor solution in Chinese adolescent survivors of the 2008 earthquake [31]. In South African adolescents, the three factors were labeled Tenacity, Adaptation, and Spirituality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual-level factors associated with mental health in Rwandan youth affected by HIV/AIDS

Scorza

Duarte

Stevenson

et al. 2017

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose Prevention of mental disorders worldwide requires a greater understanding of protective processes associated with lower levels of mental health problems in children who face pervasive life stressors. This study aimed to identify culturally appropriate indicators of individual-level protective factors in Rwandan adolescents where risk factors, namely poverty and a history of trauma, have dramatically shaped youth mental health. Methods The sample included 367 youth aged 10–17 in rural Rwanda. An earlier qualitative study of the same population identified the constructs “kwihangana” (patience/perseverance) and “kwigirira ikizere” (self-esteem) as capturing local perceptions of individual-level characteristics that helped reduce risks of mental health problems in youth. Nine items from the locally derived constructs were combined with 25 items from an existing scale that aligned well with local constructs—the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). We assessed the factor structure of the CD-RISC expanded scale using exploratory factor analysis and determined the correlation of the expanded CD-RISC with depression and functional impairment. Results The CD-RISC expanded scale displayed high internal consistency (α = 0.93). Six factors emerged, which we labeled: perseverance, adaptability, strength/sociability, active engagement, self-assuredness, and sense of self-worth. Protective factor scale scores were significantly and inversely correlated with depression and functional impairment (r = −0.49 and r = −0.38, respectively). Conclusions An adapted scale displayed solid psychometric properties for measuring protective factors in Rwandan youth. Identifying culturally appropriate protective factors is a key component of research associated with the prevention of mental health problems and critical to the development of cross-cultural strength-based interventions for children and families.

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“…A preliminary study of its psychometric properties in general population and patient samples have showed good internal consistency, and construct, convergent, and discriminated validity [28]. Although subsequent studies were not able to replicate the 5-factors structure originally reported [45][46][47], the CD-RISC is still regarded as one of the resilience measures having the best psychometric properties in a meta-analysis [48]. The Chinese version of the CD-RISC was first translated and used by Yu and Zhang (2007) study of Chinese adults [46].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma severity and control beliefs as predictors of posttraumatic growth among adolescent survivors of the Wenchuan earthquake.

Liu

Lin

et al. 2014

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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This study examined the relationships of trauma exposure and control beliefs with posttraumatic growth (PTG) in a sample of adolescent survivors of the Wenchuan earthquake (Time 1 n = 788, Time 2 n = 243). Results suggested that two aspects of exposure severity (indirect exposure and worry about others) had significantly positive associations with concurrently measured PTG, but only indirect exposure was significantly correlated with changes in PTG from Time 1 to Time 2. Primary and secondary control beliefs were also found to be significantly correlated with concurrently measured PTG, but only secondary control beliefs were significantly associated with changes in PTG. In addition, primary control beliefs moderated the association between worry about others and concurrently measured PTG as well as changes in PTG. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for psychological service providers to adolescents who have had traumatic experiences.

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An examination of resilience cross-culturally in child and adolescent survivors of the 2008 China earthquake using the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)

Cited by 69 publications

References 29 publications

Psychological Adjustment in Families Affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder

Psychological Adjustment in Families Affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder

Individual-level factors associated with mental health in Rwandan youth affected by HIV/AIDS

Trauma severity and control beliefs as predictors of posttraumatic growth among adolescent survivors of the Wenchuan earthquake.

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