An examination of lower limb asymmetry in ankle isometric force control

Yen, Sheng‐Che; Olsavsky, Laura C.; Cloonan, Caitlin M.; Llanos, Amelia R.; Dwyer, Kara J.; Nabian, Mohsen; Farjadian, Amir B.

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2017.11.004

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Bilateral asymmetries in force production have been consistently demonstrated between dominant and non-dominant limbs, however, the cause of inter-limb asymmetries remains unclear [40]. Recent research has suggested that force asymmetries arise from the different specializations of the left and right hemispheres of the brain, which manifest as functional differences in the contralateral limbs [41]. It is unclear, however, whether inter-limb asymmetries in force production are reflected in neuromuscular parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter- and Intra-Individual Differences in EMG and MMG during Maximal, Bilateral, Dynamic Leg Extensions

Anders

Smith

Keller

et al. 2019

Sports

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The purpose of this study was to compare the composite, inter-individual, and intra-individual differences in the patterns of responses for electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) amplitude (AMP) and mean power frequency (MPF) during fatiguing, maximal, bilateral, and isokinetic leg extension muscle actions. Thirteen recreationally active men (age = 21.7 ± 2.6 years; body mass = 79.8 ± 11.5 kg; height = 174.2 ± 12.7 cm) performed maximal, bilateral leg extensions at 180°·s−1 until the torque values dropped to 50% of peak torque for two consecutive repetitions. The EMG and MMG signals from the vastus lateralis (VL) muscles of both limbs were recorded. Four 2(Leg) × 19(time) repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to examine mean differences for EMG AMP, EMG MPF, MMG AMP, and MMG MPF between limbs, and polynomial regression analyses were performed to identify the patterns of neuromuscular responses. The results indicated no significant differences between limbs for EMG AMP (p = 0.44), EMG MPF (p = 0.33), MMG AMP (p = 0.89), or MMG MPF (p = 0.52). Polynomial regression analyses demonstrated substantial inter-individual variability. Inferences made regarding the patterns of neuromuscular responses to fatiguing and bilateral muscle actions should be considered on a subject-by-subject basis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter- and Intra-Individual Differences in EMG and MMG during Maximal, Bilateral, Dynamic Leg Extensions

Anders

Smith

Keller

et al. 2019

Sports

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“…All participants, apart from one participant of the "non-dominant leg group", indicated as dominant leg their right leg. This is similar to Yen et al [9] that the left-footed subject wasn't excluded from the analysis since the research was focused on dominant/non-dominant leg rather than right/left leg.…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Concerning the lateralization of the lower limbs (i.e. footedness) for strength or skills, it is probably less prominent than handedness [1,8], since there is more or less an equal contribution of both legs in the normal daily activities [1], the most proficient limb varies according to the context [8] and depends on the characteristics and the specific requirements of the activities and the tasks [1,9,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the most proficient) receives the training [1,5,6] or that can be totally absent after left-arm training [5] revealing, in this way the existence of AT, while in others that CT of strength is bi-directional (symmetrical) between dominant and non-dominant sides after unilateral training of either the dominant or non-dominant limb in right-handed individuals [7]. Concerning CT of skills in the lower limbs, a study concluded that there was AT of a learned skill (moving a cursor towards targets using ankle movements) since CT occurred only from the non-dominant to the dominant side and not vice versa [8] while in a different study it was found that they didn't exist side-specific differences in the amount of CT from the right to the left side or vice versa in a novel ankle isometric force control skill [9]. As for studies that investigated leg dominance in relation to CT of locomotor Investigation of the Effects of Leg Dominance on Cross-Transfer of Flexibility after a Unilateral Treatment with Foam Roller -A Pilot Study skills, differences in the amount of CT from the right to the left side or vice versa weren't found neither in a newly acquired locomotor skill (stepping over an obstacle on a treadmill) [10] nor during walking with a new motor learning task for one limb [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the Effects of Leg Dominance on Cross-Transfer of Flexibility after a Unilateral Treatment with Foam Roller - A Pilot Study

Daskalaki¹,

Pafis²,

Gioftsidou³

et al. 2020

saj

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Cross Transfer" (CT) refers to the enhancement of performance of a non-trained limb after unilateral training of its opposite homologous limb. Another concept that sometimes is investigated when examining CT is "asymmetrical transfer" (AT), term that implies that the magnitude of transfer is not even for the two directions (i.e. from dominant to non-dominant limb and vice versa). While the existence of AT for strength or skills is already investigated, according to our knowledge previous research has not examined if laterality has an influence on the magnitude of CT of flexibility (CToF) in the lower limbs. The aim of the present study was to examine if a unilateral application of Foam Roller (FR) to the ankle plantar flexors of female exercisers would cause a CToF to their untrained limb and if leg dominance has an influence on the magnitude of CToF (i.e. if the CToF is greater from the dominant to the non-dominant limb or vice versa). According to the statistical analysis, the FR protocol used was effective in increasing the participants' ipsilateral and contralateral ankle range of motion (ROM) independently of limb dominance, indicating that when referring to CToF through FR the transfer will probably occur symmetrically. This finding adds to the literature new data about CToF of the lower limbs in relation to laterality. If these results could be expanded by future researches and could be established that unilaterally injured persons benefit from CToF independently of limb dominance, that would be a major contribution to the field of rehabilitation.

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“…The human body’s symmetry, however, is not perfect. There are asymmetries between the dominant and non-dominant legs, according to studies [ 10 ]. Lower limb asymmetry was not only caused by genetics and hormones, but also by biomechanical variables [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Running Velocity and Longitudinal Bending Stiffness Influence the Asymmetry of Kinematic Variables of the Lower Limb Joints

et al. 2022

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Running-related limb asymmetries suggest specific sports injuries and recovery circumstances. It is debatable if running speed affected asymmetry, and more research is required to determine how longitudinal bending stiffness (LBS) affected asymmetry. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of running velocity and LBS on kinematic characteristics of the hip, knee, ankle, metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP) and the corresponding asymmetry. Kinematic (200 Hz) running stance phase data were collected bilaterally for 16 healthy male recreational runners (age: 23.13 ± 1.17, height: 175.2 ± 1.6 cm, body mass: 75.7 ± 3.6 kg, BMI: 24.7 ± 1.3 kg/m2) running on a force plate at three different velocities (10, 12 and 14 km/h) and three increasing-LBS shoes in a randomized order. The symmetry angle (SA) was calculated to quantify gait asymmetry magnitude at each running velocity and LBS. Changes in running velocity and LBS led to differences in kinematic variables between the hip, knee, ankle and MTP (p < 0.05). Significant changes in SA caused by running velocity were found in the knee flexion angle (p = 0.001) and flexion angle peak velocity (p < 0.001), ankle plantarflexion angle (p = 0.001) and plantarflexion angle peak velocity (p = 0.043) and MTP dorsiflexion angle (p = 0.001) and dorsiflexion angle peak velocity (p = 0.019). A significant change in the SA caused by LBS was found in the MTP dorsiflexion peak angle velocity (p = 0.014). There were interaction effects between running velocity and LBS on the MTP plantarflexion angle (p = 0.033) and plantarflexion angle peak velocity (p = 0.038). These findings indicate the existence of bilateral lower limb asymmetry. Meanwhile, it was proved that running velocity and LBS can influence the asymmetry of lower limb joints. Additionally, there was an interaction between running velocity and LBS on the asymmetry of the lower limb. These findings can provide some information for sports injuries, such as metatarsal stress fractures and anterior cruciate ligament injuries. They can also provide some useful information for running velocities and running shoes.

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An examination of lower limb asymmetry in ankle isometric force control

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Inter- and Intra-Individual Differences in EMG and MMG during Maximal, Bilateral, Dynamic Leg Extensions

Inter- and Intra-Individual Differences in EMG and MMG during Maximal, Bilateral, Dynamic Leg Extensions

Investigation of the Effects of Leg Dominance on Cross-Transfer of Flexibility after a Unilateral Treatment with Foam Roller - A Pilot Study

Running Velocity and Longitudinal Bending Stiffness Influence the Asymmetry of Kinematic Variables of the Lower Limb Joints

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