An evolutionary solution of terrestrial isopods to cope with low atmospheric oxygen levels

Horváthová, Terézia; Antoł, Andrzej; Czarnołęski, Marcin; Kozłowski, Jan; Bauchinger, Ulf

doi:10.1242/jeb.156661

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…At the same time, the gas exchange area remains relatively constant and the egg membrane acts as a diffusion barrier which can lead to a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand. The consequences of such oxygen limitation are hatching delays (Fernández et al 2003 ) and subsequent catch-up growth even when favourable conditions for larval life are reinstated (Petersen and Anger 1997 ; Warkentin 2002 ; Horváthová et al 2017 ). Several studies have shown changes in mass exponents through the ontogeny of different taxa which is in agreement with our findings (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the respiratory response to temperature and hypoxia across four life-stages of the intertidal porcelain crab Petrolisthes laevigatus

et al. 2018

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For aquatic breathers, hypoxia and warming can act synergistically causing a mismatch between oxygen supply (reduced by hypoxia) and oxygen demand (increased by warming). The vulnerability of these species to such interactive effects may differ during ontogeny due to differing gas exchange systems. This study examines respiratory responses to temperature and hypoxia across four life-stages of the intertidal porcelain crab Petrolisthes laevigatus. Eggs, megalopae, juveniles and adults were exposed to combinations of temperatures from 6 to 18 °C and oxygen tensions from 2 to 21 kPa. Metabolic rates differed strongly across life-stages which could be partly attributed to differences in body mass. However, eggs exhibited significantly lower metabolic rates than predicted for their body mass. For the other three stages, metabolic rates scaled with a mass exponent of 0.89. Mass scaling exponents were similar across all temperatures, but were significantly influenced by oxygen tension (the highest at 9 and 14 kPa, and the lowest at 2 kPa). Respiratory responses across gradients of oxygen tension were used to calculate the response to hypoxia, whereby eggs, megalopae and juveniles responded as oxyconformers and adults as oxyregulators. The thermal sensitivity of the metabolic rates (Q10) were dependent on the oxygen tension in megalopae, and also on the interaction between oxygen tension and temperature intervals in adults. Our results thus provide evidence on how the oxygen tension can modulate the mass dependence of metabolic rates and demonstrate changes in respiratory control from eggs to adults. In light of our results indicating that adults show a good capacity for maintaining metabolism independent of oxygen tension, our study highlights the importance of assessing responses to multiple stressors across different life-stages to determine how vulnerability to warming and hypoxia changes during development.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00227-018-3406-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the respiratory response to temperature and hypoxia across four life-stages of the intertidal porcelain crab Petrolisthes laevigatus

et al. 2018

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“…Interestingly, the colonization of land by isopods ca. 300 Mya [5,6] coincided with peak levels of atmospheric oxygen, followed by a large (50%) and rapid decrease in the atmospheric oxygen content [6,7]. Therefore, isopod lineages evolving a terrestrial lifestyle experienced dramatic shifts in oxygen availability throughout their evolutionary history: from the relatively low oxygen availability in aquatic environments [8] to the initially high but later decreased oxygen availability on land.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia causes woodlice (Porcellio scaber) to select lower temperatures and impairs their thermal performance and heat tolerance

et al. 2019

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Environmental temperatures and oxygen availability are important for the balance between oxygen supply and demand. Terrestrial organisms are generally perceived to be less limited by access to oxygen than their aquatic counterparts. Nevertheless, even terrestrial environments can be deficient in oxygen, especially for organisms occurring in soil, litter, wood, rotten fruit or at high elevations. While isopods are the best adapted to a terrestrial lifestyle among crustaceans, many species, including woodlice, occupy environmental gradients of temperature and oxygen. To investigate whether mismatches between oxygen supply and demand can result in a loss of performance in a terrestrial organism, we studied the effects of atmospheric oxygen concentration on the thermal performance of the common rough woodlouse ( Porcellio scaber ). We compared the thermal preference, thermal sensitivity of running speed, and tolerance to extreme temperatures of woodlice exposed to one of two oxygen concentrations (21% - normoxia, 7% - hypoxia). Under hypoxia, P . scaber preferred microhabitats with temperatures that were on average 3°C lower than those preferred under normoxia. The running speed tended to reach its maximum at a lower temperature under hypoxia than under normoxia (25.13°C vs 28.87°C, respectively, although p was equal to 0.09), and normoxic woodlice ran approximately 1.5-fold faster than hypoxic woodlice at the point of maximum speed. Heat tolerance was significantly lower under hypoxia (38.9°C) than under normoxia (40.7°C), but there was no difference in cold tolerance (5.81°C under normoxia and 5.44°C under hypoxia). Overall, our results indicate that environmental gradients of temperature and oxygen may shape the physiological performance of terrestrial ectotherms, likely via their effects on the balance between oxygen supply and demand, which may have fitness consequences for these organisms in nature.

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“…The oostegites of females, which are specialized limbs, enlarge to form the brood pouch in the anterior ventral side of the body, covering the oviducal openings. Montalentl, 1990), and the development of brood pouches (Ridley and Thompson, 1979), have been associated with the evolutionary success of A. aquaticus, and of Isopoda in general (Hornung, 2011;Horváthová et al, 2017). In general, A. aquaticus inhabits a variety of natural (and man-made) aquatic habitats, and is common in lakes, ponds, rivers, and creeks across Europe and parts of Asia.…”

Section: Asellus Aquaticus As a Model System For Integrative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building on 150 Years of Knowledge: The Freshwater Isopod Asellus aquaticus as an Integrative Eco-Evolutionary Model System

et al. 2021

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Interactions between organisms and their environments are central to how biological diversity arises and how natural populations and ecosystems respond to environmental change. These interactions involve processes by which phenotypes are affected by or respond to external conditions (e.g., via phenotypic plasticity or natural selection) as well as processes by which organisms reciprocally interact with the environment (e.g., via eco-evolutionary feedbacks). Organism-environment interactions can be highly dynamic and operate on different hierarchical levels, from genes and phenotypes to populations, communities, and ecosystems. Therefore, the study of organism-environment interactions requires integrative approaches and model systems that are suitable for studies across different hierarchical levels. Here, we introduce the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus, a keystone species and an emerging invertebrate model system, as a prime candidate to address fundamental questions in ecology and evolution, and the interfaces therein. We review relevant fields of research that have used A. aquaticus and draft a set of specific scientific questions that can be answered using this species. Specifically, we propose that studies on A. aquaticus can help understanding (i) the influence of host-microbiome interactions on organismal and ecosystem function, (ii) the relevance of biotic interactions in ecosystem processes, and (iii) how ecological conditions and evolutionary forces facilitate phenotypic diversification.

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An evolutionary solution of terrestrial isopods to cope with low atmospheric oxygen levels

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Differences in the respiratory response to temperature and hypoxia across four life-stages of the intertidal porcelain crab Petrolisthes laevigatus

Differences in the respiratory response to temperature and hypoxia across four life-stages of the intertidal porcelain crab Petrolisthes laevigatus

Hypoxia causes woodlice (Porcellio scaber) to select lower temperatures and impairs their thermal performance and heat tolerance

Building on 150 Years of Knowledge: The Freshwater Isopod Asellus aquaticus as an Integrative Eco-Evolutionary Model System

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