An event-related potential study of working memory in children

Liu, Rong; Guo, Chunyan; Jiang, Yang

doi:10.1007/s11434-006-2001-8

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…(i.e., mastoid instead of average). The prospective positivity was also similar to the LPC associated with the recovery of information from episodic memory (i.e., old-new recognition effect) [37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Retrieval Phasementioning

confidence: 62%

Neural basis for successful encoding and retrieval of prospective memory

Chen

Guo

Jiang

2011

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Prospective memory (PM) refers to memory for future intentions. Difference due to memory (Dm effect) is the difference in neural activity related to stimuli that were subsequently remembered or forgotten. Using event-related potentials (ERPs), the present study investigated the Dm effect for PM using a subsequent task-switching paradigm. The results showed that a Dm effect of ERP P150 was more positive-going for later PM hit trials than for later PM forgotten trials during 100-200 ms. This Dm effect may reflect the process for the production of future intention or the process for attention. Consistent with previously reported Dm effects of other types of memory, we found that the fbN2 (250-280 ms) and late positivity component (400-700 ms) were stronger in later PM hit trials than in forgotten trials. The fbN2 was evoked by Chinese characters. The late positivity component was related to the precise encoding process. In conclusion, because of the early P150, PM encoding appears to be somewhat different from previously identified Dm effects. However, further research is needed. Our findings reveal that Dm effects of PM share similar characteristics with known Dm effects of other types of episodic memory after the very early stage of neural processing.

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Section: Retrieval Phasementioning

confidence: 62%

Neural basis for successful encoding and retrieval of prospective memory

Chen

Guo

Jiang

2011

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…But the waveforms under high WM load were more positive than that under low load, especially in posterior regions, which suggested that WM retrieval were not subjected to different attentional selection during maintenance; by contrast, it was subjected to different WM load. Although some people figured out that the maintenance and retrieval of WM was associated with the activation of frontal and prefrontal cortex [32][33][34] , and some pointed out that parietal and occipital regions were involved in the process of WM [4,5,35,36] . For example, in the study of Vogel and Machizawa [36] , participants with different WM span showed discrepancy of ERP amplitudes in parietal and occipital electrodes.…”

Section: Wm Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between working memory and selective attention

Liu

Guo

2007

CHINESE SCI BULL

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Event-related potential (ERP) was used to examine the interactions between working memory and selective attention. We combined two unrelated tasks, one requiring working memory and the other selective attention, which were performed by some undergraduates. The ERP results revealed that both congruent and incongruent stimuli in the selective attention task evoked an N400 component, reaching the peak point at around 500 ms. The N400 evoked by incongruent stimuli was more negative than that of congruent, which indicated the difference of semantic N400. Furthermore, working memory load had a significant influence on the N400 evoked by selective attention task in parietal region. And working memory load showed difference in the ERPs of working memory retrieval in central and parietal regions. The ERPs of probe under high working memory load were more positive from 350 to 550 ms post-stimulus; however, stimulus type of selective attention had no influence on working memory retrieval. The present study shows that working memory does not play a major role in the selective attention, especially in ignoring distracter, but it influences the performance of the selective attention as the background. The congruency of target and distracter in the selective attention task does not influence the working memory retrieval.working memory, selective attention, N400Working memory (WM) and selective attention are cognitive constructs central to the dynamic interplay between perception, thought and action [1] . An essential feature of WM is the on-line maintenance of information to guide future behavior. And visual selective attention can give task-relevant information higher priority in perception, decision, and response operations in face of distracting information.Studies of visual attention and WM showed that, the activation in frontal cortex was associated with attention processing [2,3] , while the information maintenance in WM was modulated by some specific areas in parietal cortex [4,5] . Despite a great deal of researches on visual attention and WM, the details of their relationship have been exploring only recently.Some researchers claimed that WM might play a certain role in the control of selective attention [6,7] . But opinions on this issue were diverse. Some proposed that a high WM load should result in greater processing of irrelevant distracters, and there showed a direct causal role for WM in the control of selective attention [6,7] . de Fockert and his colleagues [7] examined this issue. They flashed the names of some pop stars and politicians on a screen in front of the participants, asking them to choose the profession of each name. As each name appeared on the screen, the researchers also showed a picture of a face that might or might not match the name. This forced the participants to try to ignore the faces and focus on the words. As expected from their previous work, the participants took longer time to answer when the face did not match the name than when it did. At the same time, to investigate the involveme...

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Effects of encoding and retrieval on the mechanism of item + context binding

2011

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To investigate the neural mechanism of semantic representation and color context binding, we used electroencephalograph time frequency and coherence analyses to reveal local and long-range functional coupling in the encoding and retrieval phases of episodic memory. Fifteen undergraduates participated in the experiment and middle-frequency double-character Chinese words were used as stimuli in two types of study-test tasks (context recall and context recognition tests). Significant differences between item+context and item in the encoding phase were observed at the electrodes in the frontal region at 600-800 ms by time frequency analysis. Further differences were observed at 800 ms by independent component analysis: the frontal component and the coherent component of the triangle phase locking structure among the prefrontal, right parietal and left parietal-occipital regions. In the retrieval phase, differences between item+context and item were found on the electrodes at the central parietal and parietal-occipital regions at 400 ms by time frequency analysis, on the parietal-occipital component at 800 ms by independent component analysis and on the coherence component of the anterior right hemisphere and parietal-occipital regions at 1400 ms. In conclusion, the different effects of encoding and retrieval processing on 'binding' are reflected by the differing extents that brain regions engaged in cognitive operations. In the retrieval phase in particular, activities of the parietal-occipital region were specifically associated with 'binding', and coherence between frontal and temporal-parietal regions is a common brain activity in episodic memory.encoding, retrieval, binding, item, context, frontal and parietal-occipital coherence Citation: Xiao X, Ding J H, Guo C Y. Effects of encoding and retrieval on the mechanism of item+context binding.

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An event-related potential study of working memory in children

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Neural basis for successful encoding and retrieval of prospective memory

Neural basis for successful encoding and retrieval of prospective memory

Interactions between working memory and selective attention

Effects of encoding and retrieval on the mechanism of item + context binding

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