An evaluation of wave speed impacts on fault location methods for HVDC lines

Dardengo, Victor P.; Cavalcante, Paulo A. H.; Almeida, Madson C. de

doi:10.1109/tdc-la.2018.8511734

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Knowledge of a line's natural frequencies has been extensively used in estimating a fault distance, by inverting (3) [6], [7], [10]- [12]…”

Section: A Location Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their impact is all the more prominent in determining the frequencies of resonance of a line subject to faults, since they directly depend on the phase-angle of the terminations reflection coefficient [6]- [9]. Fault-location based on these resonances is at the heart of natural-frequency methods, which have been shown to be effective in case of frequencydependent terminations, since they are insensitive to distortions in transients fronts, as opposed to TWM [10]- [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Against this complex backdrop, converter stations have sometimes been suggested to approximate high-impedance terminations [8], [26], on the basis of the large inductances of smoothing reactors found mostly in LCC systems, even though they behave as low-impedance terminations at low frequencies, while stray capacitances would shunt them at high frequency [17], [18]. In other cases, DC filters have been suggested to be the dominant boundary factor [27], [28], again assuming a high-impedance reactor [12], [29], [30]. Stray capacitances and surge protection devices are typically neglected, assuming that they affect the power converter only in the high-frequency range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fault-Location Accuracy of Natural Frequencies Using Incomplete HVDC Station Models

Cozza

2023

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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This paper investigates how the accuracy of fault location estimated from a transmission line's natural frequencies is affected by imperfect modeling of HVDC power-converter stations. These systems include a large number of devices each with specific frequency-dependent characteristics, as filters, reactors and surge protection systems. While it is well-known that location errors may ensue from inaccurate termination models, it is not clear to what extent location accuracy is affected when neglecting one or more of these devices. Results show significant differences depending on the kind of transmission line and the reactor inductance. Including reactors is found not to completely avoid errors, proving the need to take into account the reactive behavior of the converter, which strongly varies according to the HVDC technology. A notable source of errors is level repulsion between station and line resonances, a phenomenon observed when the converter station presents self resonances, e.g., due to DC filters and stray capacitances in reactors. Significant loss of sensitivity to the fault position is found in these cases, impairing fault-location resolution. The first, or dominant, natural frequency of the line is more strongly affected by all these phenomena, suggesting that the standard choice of using the dominant resonance may not be an optimal strategy. Higher-order resonances are instead found to be more robust against inaccurate converter models, and appear to be more suitable for accurate fault location in case of uncertainties about the converter model.

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“…Knowledge of a line's natural frequencies has been extensively used in estimating a fault distance, by inverting (3) [6], [7], [10]- [12]…”

Section: A Location Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%