An evaluation of the heat precipitation method for plasma fibrinogen estimation

Millar, H. R.; Simpson, John G.; Stalker, Amy

doi:10.1136/jcp.24.9.827

Cited by 178 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The PCV was measured in non-heparinised capillary tubes (Blutip, Sherwood) after centrifugation for 5 min at 10,000 g in a Hawksley microhaematocrit centrifuge. After reading the PCV the microhaematocrit tubes were heated for 3 min in a wateT bath at 56°C and recentrifuged to obtain a measure of the amount of fibrinogen present (Millar et al, 1971). This test is not valid in the presence of heparin or excessive haemolysis and could not be carried out on Crowned cranes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal and clinical haematology of captive cranes (gruiformes)

et al. 1983

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SUMMARYFall blood counts on 56 clinically normal cranes of nine different species have provided reference values for the interpretation of haematological changes in 13 cranes presenting with abnormal clinical signs. Hypochromic anaemia, heterophilia and lymphocytosis were found in birds with probable Mycobacterium avium infection and heterophilia and lymphocytosis in birds with bumblefoot, arthritis, nephrosis and cardiac myopathy. In several of the cases with heterophilia and lymphocytosis the fibrinogen level was also raised. A senile bird with thickened heart valves showed macrocytosis.The potential diagnostic value of clinical haematology in cranes is discussed. INTRODUCTIONClinical haematology offers a potentially valuable tool in the veterinary care of birds since the volume of blood required for testing is small and can usually be obtained without risk. Unfortunately the interpretation of findings is often difficult, partly because normal reference values for the species are often not available and partly because the response of the blood to infectious, inflammatory and other diseases has not been determined. The veterinary care of cranes is currently of particular importance since most crane species are endangered in the wild and efforts are being made in several countries to maintain, breed and rear these birds in captivity. Haematological studies on a small number of normal cranes have been reported by von Bernd Siedel (1980) but no information is available about pathological changes in their blood. This paper presents haematological reference values derived from tests carried out on clinically normal adult cranes in the collection of the Zoological Society of London at Regent's Park and Whipsnade and describes the findings in a number of clinical cases. The results show that, when suitable reference values are available, abnormal changes can often be identified in the blood of sick birds and thus provide a basis on which the

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal and clinical haematology of captive cranes (gruiformes)

et al. 1983

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“…Blood samples were taken between 1000 and 1200 h with disposable plastic syringes and disposable needles, and aliquots added to tubes containing K 2 EDT A to give 1· 5 mg/ml blood. Standard haematological techniques were used as described by Dacie and Lewis (1975) and Hawkey (1975); fibrinogen was measured by the heat precipitation micro-method of Millar et al (1971). The Wintrobe technique was used to estimate the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Wintrobe, 1967).…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes in the haematology of female F344 rats

et al. 1989

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SummaryAs little comprehensive baseline data are available on age-related haematological changes in genetically-defined rat strains, the haematology of female F344 rats is described in animals sampled at 2, 4, 8, 20, 66 and 121 weeks of age. Values for Hb, RBC and PCV increased from 2 weeks of age to reach adult levels at 8 weeks, whereas MCV, MCH and reticulocyte counts were high initially but decreased to reach the adult range at 8 weeks. Between 66 and 121 weeks, reticulocyte counts were significantly increased and values for MCHC significantly decreased. Lymphocytes were the predominant white cell type in each age group. The absolute numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes showed slight variations between 2 and 66 weeks and both cell types increased significantly between 66 and 121 weeks. Platelet counts showed no overall agerelated trends. Fibrinogen values increased from 2 weeks of age to reach the adult level at 8 weeks. One animal of the 14 sampled at 121 weeks showed changes in the blood, liver and spleen consistent with a diagnosis of lymphoid leukaemia.

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“…The hematocrit (Hct) was measured immediately using micro-haematocrit method and blood centrifugation in capillary tubes at 9000 rpm for 5 minutes (Coles 1986). After completion of the hematocrit, plasma was used to determine TPP concentrations and estimate the concentration of Fibrinogen in plasma by refractometry (Millar et al 1971). Hemoglobin concentration was measured using cyanomethaemoglobin method with centrifugation before reading the absorbance by spectrophotometer (Coles 1986).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, hematological, total plasma protein and fibrinogen parameters of magellanic penguins ( Spheniscus magellanicus ) pre- and post-rehabilitation

et al. 2014

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The aims of this study were to determine the hematologic, total plasma protein (TPP) and fibrinogen profiles of young and adult magellanic penguins in PROAMAR and CETAS-SC, relating these results with the state of health and survival possibility of the animals. In Paraná 14 animals were evaluated in pre and eight in post-rehabilitation and 29 animals were evaluated in Santa Catarina after rehabilitation. Before rehabilitation, all animals showed weakness. In hematological exams of these animals, we found that anemia was present in 83% of the penguins that died and 50% of those which survived. The heterophils/lymphocytes (H/L) ratio was 3.87±0.57 in animals that died, significantly higher than the average of 2.20±0.30 for animals that survived. These two parameters are useful to assess the survival possibility of animals to rehabilitation. The body condition score was positively correlated with hematocrit and TPP, and negatively correlated with H/L ratio. After rehabilitation, the values were similar to other animals of the family Spheniscidae, with averages ranging from 1.64 to 1.90x10 6 erythrocytes/µL; 43.38 to 48.80% of hematocrit; 12.45 to 13.52g/dL of hemoglobin; 8,684 to 14,011 leukocytes/µL; 4,767 to 8,041 heterophils/µL; 3,215 to 4,951 lymphocytes/µL; 95 to 655 eosinophils/µl; 179.8 to 277.9 monocytes/µL; 141 to 184.9 basophils/µL; and 1.26 to 1.74 of H/L ratio. These parameters can therefore be used as reference values and release parameters for young and adult Magellanic penguins in captivity on the rehabilitation centers.

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An evaluation of the heat precipitation method for plasma fibrinogen estimation

Abstract: SYNOPSIS A rapid heat precipitation micromethod for the estimation of plasma fibrinogen is described. Its validity and reproducibility have been extensively tested. The method correlates well with a more generallv used thrombin-clotting technique over a wide range of fibrinogen levels.

Cited by 178 publications

References 10 publications

Normal and clinical haematology of captive cranes (gruiformes)

Normal and clinical haematology of captive cranes (gruiformes)

Age-related changes in the haematology of female F344 rats

Clinical, hematological, total plasma protein and fibrinogen parameters of magellanic penguins ( Spheniscus magellanicus ) pre- and post-rehabilitation

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