An evaluation of the course of facial sunscreen coverage and sustainability over an 8‐hour workday among outdoor workers

Abstract

Background Reapplication of sunscreen every 2 hours is recommended, especially after swimming, sweating, or working outdoors. However, the sustainability of sunscreen during the workday among outdoor workers is still unclear. Objective To evaluate the course of facial sunscreen coverage and sustainability over an 8‐hour workday among outdoor workers. Materials and Methods This open‐label trial included 20 healthy subjects who spend at least 80% of their workday outdoors. All volunteers applied 2 mg/cm 2 of provided broad‐spectrum sunscreen mixed with the invisible blue fluorescent agent to all parts of their face in the morning. A VISIA‐CR camera was used to capture facial fluorescence intensity every 2 hours, and digital image analysis software was used to quantify fluorescence intensity at six areas of the face at each time point for 8 hours. Results Sunscreen coverage declined most rapidly during the first 2 hours with a mean reduction of 18.31%. By the end of the 8‐hour study workday, the mean decrease in sunscreen coverage was 31.63% (range: 17.39%‐45.29%). Conclusion Reapplication of sunscreen is essential among outdoor workers. After 4 hours, the amount of sunscreen remaining on the face may not be sufficient for protecting the skin from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

The mechanism and application of computer‐assisted full facial skin imaging systems

“… 30 , 31 Evaluation of the effects of anti‐ageing treatments and depression scar treatment mostly involves assessing facial skin texture, wrinkles, pores, and skin texture, usually using a white light mode. 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 The systems have also been used to assess the treatment efficiency of striae distensae, 39 the cleanliness of facial makeup products 40 sunscreen application, 41 , 42 and the effect of face masks on makeup. 43 …”

Excellent ultraviolet‐blocking properties of chiral nematic liquid crystals

“…2 Using sunscreen is a good way to reduce UV radiation. 3 The sunscreen products on the market are divided into physical and chemical sunscreen according to the effective ingredients. In physical sunscreen, based on the physical reflection mechanism, the active ingredients are mainly zinc oxide and titanium dioxide.…”

“…Although UVC (200–280 nm) is absorbed by ozone in the stratosphere, UVA and UVB can reach the surface of the Earth, thus damaging human skin 2 . Using sunscreen is a good way to reduce UV radiation 3 . The sunscreen products on the market are divided into physical and chemical sunscreen according to the effective ingredients.…”

Canfield Reveal Image changes following sun exposure

“… 5 Demonstration of existing UV damage and potential changes within a brief period, could lead to increased sun protective behaviors in high-risk populations and prevention of future damage reducing the risk of developing skin cancers. 6 , 7 …”