“…An examination of female reproduc- Mygalomorph spiders, the radiation that includes tarantulas 48 and trapdoors spiders, are ancient and diverse. Because of general 49 dispersal limitation and high levels of regional endemism, several 50 research groups from different continents have developed mygalo-51 morphs as models for studies of species delimitation, cryptic spe-52 ciation, and historical biogeography (e.g., Bond and Stockman,53 2008; Satler et al, 2013;Hedin et al, 2013;Hendrixson et al, 54 2013; Castalanelli et al, 2014;Hamilton et al, 2014;Opatova 55 and Arnedo, 2014a). Still, many features of mygalomorph biology 56 make them challenging to study.…”