An Evaluation of Residential Treatment for Youth with Mental Health and Delinquency-Related Problems

Zimmerman, D. Patrick; Shapiro, Jeremy P.; MEd, Carolyn J. Welker; Lsw, Janice L. Pierce

doi:10.1300/j007v17n02_04

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Similar outcomes have also been reported by Swadi and Bobier [16] and Shapiro, Welker, and Pierce [17]. The findings of Shapiro et al [17] are significant, as they indicate a plateau of improvement between 3 and 6 months following admission to treatment. This may be the point in time when symptom reduction has decelerated to a rate that statistically resembles a plateau.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

The Trajectory of Change for Children and Youth in Residential Treatment

Noftle

Cook

Leschied

et al. 2010

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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This study examined the symptom response trajectories for 225 children and youth throughout a period of residential treatment. With the 10-item Conners' Global Index (CGI) as the primary outcome measure, assessments were completed on a bi-weekly basis during the average 4 month stay within the youth's residential treatment. Clients demonstrated an ongoing reduction of symptoms, and the severity of baseline symptoms influenced the trajectory of the symptom reduction. In addition, symptom reduction was characterized as logarithmic, particularly when controlling for the baseline severity of symptoms. Implications of these findings for administrators, practitioners, and researchers of residential treatment are discussed.

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supporting

confidence: 81%

The Trajectory of Change for Children and Youth in Residential Treatment

Noftle

Cook

Leschied

et al. 2010

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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“…These results support previous research that found a plateau of positive effects of longer time in treatment on youth outcomes (Green et al 2001;Hussey and Guo 2005;Zimmerman et al 2000). The most drastic changes happens between 1 and 6 months (approximately between 30 and 183 days, Group 1 above) of treatment where there is a strong positive predictive relationship between a longer time in treatment and a greater improvement in overall functioning, in several life domains (School/Work, Home, Behavior towards Others, Moods/Emotions), and in restrictiveness of living environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Researchers also found plateaus in improvement occurring at varying time points throughout treatment. For example, Zimmerman et al (2000) found plateaus occurring between 3 and 6 months following admission to treatment, while other sources found plateaus occurring between 30 and 90 days of residential treatment (Hussey and Guo 2005), or after only 30 days of treatment (Green et al 2001). Due to inconsistencies in previous literature, use of relatively small sample sizes (ranging from 27 to 225 youth), and limited range of youth's functioning previously assessed; there is a need to identify these effects with larger samples of youth, across multiple sites, and throughout the many domains in the youth's life in order to examine trends in youth outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Time in Residential Treatment and Youth Outcomes: Results from a Cross-Site 5-Year Analysis

Strickler¹,

Mihalo²,

Bundick

et al. 2015

J Child Fam Stud

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There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of residential treatment centers (RTCs) due to scrutiny around use of this service that is viewed as costly, restrictive, and has resulted in mixed outcome results for youth. Discrepancies exist in residential literature regarding the amount of time in treatment that is optimal for having a positive effect on youth outcomes. This study used archival data to examine the relationship between time in treatment and youth's improvement in functioning and restrictiveness of living environment in a cross-site evaluation of a large sample of youth (N = 716) who discharged from RTCs over a 5 year time period. Researchers aimed to identify an ideal time in treatment that is beneficial for youth and to add to the practice-based evidence for the effectiveness of RTCs. Results of segmented regression analyses indicate a non-linear relationship that showed a longer time in treatment predicts improvement in overall functioning and restrictiveness of living environment during the first 6 months of treatment. However there is no relationship between time in treatment and outcome variables between 6 and 10 months, and a negative relationship exists between longer time in treatment and outcome variables after 10 months in treatment. Practical implications of results can be used to inform advocacy efforts, discharge planning, and return on investment calculations.

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“…All items are scored on a three-point Likert scale (0 = not true, 1 = somewhat of sometimes true, and 2 = very of often true). The CBCL is a widely used, standardised, norm-based questionnaire with extensive evidence for reliability and validity [31][32][33]. In the present study, the internal consistency of the syndrome scale 'rule-breaking behaviour' was 0.79 and that of the syndrome scale 'aggressive behaviour' was 0.90.…”

Section: Types Of Externalising Problems At the Start Of Admissionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Do risk profiles moderate the relation between age of onset of disruptive behaviour and two types of externalising problems among adolescents admitted to secure residential care?

Knoops¹,

Bongers

Ruijter

et al. 2021

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background Adolescents with externalising problems in secure residential care differ in age of onset of disruptive behaviour and in cumulative risks in several domains. In order to reduce negative consequences of externalising behaviour for society and the adolescents themselves, it is important to gain more insight into the complexity and heterogeneity of disruptive behaviour in these adolescents. To look beyond the influence of single risk factors, the aim of this study is to investigate the moderator effect of co-occurring risk factors in multiple domains on the relation between age of onset of disruptive behaviour and two types of externalising problems in adolescence. Methods Retrospectively collected data of 225 adolescents admitted to secure residential care were analysed. The four risk profiles were based on co-occurring pre-admission risk factors in four domains, which were identified in a previous study by latent class analysis. Multiple regression models were used to test whether the independent variable age of onset and dummy-coded moderator variable risk profiles had statistically significant associations with aggressive behaviour and rule-breaking behaviour of the adolescents, as reported by professional caregivers in the first months of admission. Results Risk profiles moderated the relation between age of onset of disruptive behaviour and rule-breaking behaviour. Adolescents with childhood-onset disruptive behaviour within the risk profile with mainly family risks showed more rule-breaking behaviour in the first months of their admission to secure residential care than adolescents with an onset in adolescence within the same risk profile. Risk profiles, however, did not moderate the relation between age of onset of disruptive behaviour and aggressive behaviour. Conclusion Heterogeneity of aggressive and rule-breaking behaviour was established in this study by finding differences on these two types of externalising behaviour between the childhood- and adolescence-onset groups and between the four risk profiles. Furthermore, risk profiles moderated the effect between age of onset of disruptive behaviour and rule-breaking behaviour—not aggressive behaviour—in adolescents admitted to secure residential care. While respecting the limitations, adolescents’ childhood-onset disruptive behaviour within a profile with mainly family risk factors appear to be distinctive from adolescents with adolescence-onset disruptive behaviour within the same risk profile.

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An Evaluation of Residential Treatment for Youth with Mental Health and Delinquency-Related Problems

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

The Trajectory of Change for Children and Youth in Residential Treatment

The Trajectory of Change for Children and Youth in Residential Treatment

Relationship Between Time in Residential Treatment and Youth Outcomes: Results from a Cross-Site 5-Year Analysis

Do risk profiles moderate the relation between age of onset of disruptive behaviour and two types of externalising problems among adolescents admitted to secure residential care?

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