An evaluation of HSPF and SWMM for simulating streamflow regimes in an urban watershed

Yazdi, Mohammad Nayeb; Ketabchy, Mehdi; Sample, David J.; Scott, Durelle T.; Liao, Hehuan

doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.05.008

Cited by 85 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Yazdi et al [71] coupled the SWMM with the Hydrologic Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF) to compare the ability of these two models at simulating streamflow, peak flow, and baseflow from an urban watershed. This methodology was applied in Stroubles Creek, located within Montgomery County, Virginia (USA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovations in Best Practices: Approaches to Managing Urban Areas and Reducing Flood Risk in Reggio Calabria (Italy)

et al. 2021

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Urbanization increases imperviousness and reduces infiltration, retention, and evapotranspiration, frequently aggravating urban flooding due to greater runoff and higher and faster discharge peaks. Effective strategies to mitigate flood risks require a better understanding of the watershed dynamics and space to reverse the negative impacts. However, often cities do not have proper data sets to feed mathematical models that would be helpful in mapping water dynamics. Attempts to reduce flood risks have been made for decades by means of structural interventions but were frequently designed within the logic of a local scale, using limited available spaces and often merely shifting flooding downstream. Therefore, assessing urban floods requires a modeling approach capable of reflecting the watershed scale, considering interactions between hydraulic structures and urban landscape, where best practices and non-structural measures aim to improve community flood resilience through the reduction of social and financial costs in the long run. This paper proposes an integrated approach to analyze low impact development (LID) practices complemented by non-structural measures in a case study in southern Italy, supported by mathematical modeling in a strategy to overcome a context of almost no available data and limited urban open spaces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovations in Best Practices: Approaches to Managing Urban Areas and Reducing Flood Risk in Reggio Calabria (Italy)

et al. 2021

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“…Results from these studies frequently identify the strengths of the model and take a positive outlook on its performance (see Jang et al 2007;Krebs et al 2013;Fu et al 2019), including the credibility of results even without observed runoff data. Comparison with other similar modelling environments has also been optimistic, with Yazdi et al (2019) noting SWMM's superior sensitivity to imperviousness and higher correlation coefficients during extreme events -two characteristics that are important for this study. The LID-module has seen mixed feedback from studies, in-part due to its new and relatively undeveloped nature compared to the base model and other modules.…”

Section: Model Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Built Form and Area on the Performance of Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS)

Chapman¹

2021

Future Cities and Environment

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Urban hydrologyAppreciating the dynamics of the hydrological cycle in the urban domain requires consideration of both the natural water cycle and the manmade elements which interact with it, such as those for storage and conveyance (Barbosa, Fernandes & David 2012). Not only does this lead to more complex pathways through the cycle due to the increased number of elements involved, but creates challenges for data collection as often these manmade elements are owned by private companies, leading to uncertainties and difficulty in accessing information on channel (pipe) size and locations (Noh et al. 2016).In addition, the processes and storages of the natural water cycle are also altered in the urban domain, with potential for some being reduced (see Figure 1). For example, the increased impermeable surface area relative to an undeveloped parcel leads to reduced infiltration and evapotranspiration, with a resultant increase in surface runoff (Anim et al. 2019). Reduced infiltration into permeable, undeveloped land also leads to reduced groundwater level and less resilience of the land to prolonged dry periods.Management in the urban form usually results in attempts to control where the water is located, too, through the channelling of water into drains and pipes. This is then conveyed out of the populated area. Consequently, when the inflow is greater than the outflow (during intense and/ or persistent rainfall), problems are exacerbated as there is little storage capacity and water collects in these areas.As a result, the spatial and temporal scale of the subprocesses in the hydrological cycle are much smaller in

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“…The exponential function is used as the surface pollutant wash-off algorithm in this study. The variation of water quality in the conduit is assumed to follow a continuous stirred tank reactor [52].…”

Section: Model Setup 31 Model Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulations of Non-Point Source Pollution in a Small Urban Catchment: Identification of Pollution Risk Areas and Effectiveness of Source-Control Measures

Pan

Guo

Yang

et al. 2021

Water

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Urban non-point source pollution is becoming a serious issue under the context of rapid urbanization and its impacts on surface hydrologic processes. The identification of non-point source risk areas and the effectiveness of source-control measures provides important first steps to improve the degrading aquatic environment but is challenged by the complex dynamics and variabilities of surface pollutants in urban environments. In this study, we investigate the spatial and temporal variabilities of non-point source pollution in a small urban catchment based on numerical simulations and in-situ samplings. Our results show that residential, industrial, and commercial land contribute to the most pollutant loadings and are the main constituents of the pollution risk area. Rainfall duration and intensity are the main factors in determining the temporal variations of urban non-point source pollution. There is no correlation between early drought days and pollution load. Numerical simulations show that it is more effective to increase urban vegetation coverage than to enhance road cleaning for effective non-surface pollution control. For enhanced road cleaning, it is more effective to improve the frequency of road cleaning than its efficiency. Our results provide important guidance for effective controls of non-point source pollution as well as the establishment of long-term surface pollutant monitoring network in complex urban environments.

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An evaluation of HSPF and SWMM for simulating streamflow regimes in an urban watershed

Cited by 85 publications

References 62 publications

Innovations in Best Practices: Approaches to Managing Urban Areas and Reducing Flood Risk in Reggio Calabria (Italy)

Innovations in Best Practices: Approaches to Managing Urban Areas and Reducing Flood Risk in Reggio Calabria (Italy)

The Influence of Built Form and Area on the Performance of Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS)

Numerical Simulations of Non-Point Source Pollution in a Small Urban Catchment: Identification of Pollution Risk Areas and Effectiveness of Source-Control Measures

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