An Evaluation of Functional Sit-to-Stand Power in Cohorts of Healthy Adults Aged 18–97 Years

Glenn, Jordan M.; Gray, Michelle; Vincenzo, Jennifer L.; Paulson, Sally; Powers, Melissa

doi:10.1123/japa.2016-0031

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…MV is a critical, independent component of power and independently related to functional performance and mobility limitations among older adults ( 7 , 13 , 23 ). Furthermore, quick movements are essential in preventing a trip, slip, or fall ( 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FLBP and MV achieved during a sit-to-stand were analyzed using the Tendo Weightlifting Analyzer (Trencin, Slovac Republic) as previously described ( 13–15 , 19 ). Briefly, this method has been validated against motion capture analysis to measure functional sit-to-stand power and velocity of the lower extremities ( 13–15 , 19 ). Participant’s weight (kg) was entered into the Tendo software to enable appropriate power calculations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Tendo Weightlifting Analyzer (Tendo; Trencin, Slovac Republic; Figures 1 – 3 ) is a validated tool used to measure FLBP and MV during a sit-to-stand task ( 13 , 14 ). This method of measuring lower-body functional power is highly correlated ( r = .76) to changes in center of mass as assessed with 2D motion capture (Vicon Peak Motus) and test–retest reliability is high (Cronbach’s α = .98) between repeated chair stands ( 14 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Validity of a Novel, Clinically Relevant Measure to Differentiate Functional Power and Movement Velocity and Discriminate Fall History Among Older Adults: A Pilot Investigation

Vincenzo

Gray

Glenn

2018

Innovation in Aging

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Background and ObjectivesLower-body muscular power and movement velocity (MV) are associated with balance and physical function. The Tendo power analyzer (Tendo) is a portable device that calculates functional lower body power (FLBP) and MV. This reliable (Cronbach’s α = .98) method is validated against motion capture analysis of functional lower body sit-to-stand power and velocity (r = .76). However, the Tendo has not been utilized in discrimination or prediction of falls. We determined the discriminant validity of FLBP and MV among older adults based on the history of falls. These results lay the framework for longitudinal research in FLBP and MV in fall prediction/prevention.Research Design and MethodsCross-sectional investigation examining differences between FLBP and MV during 5 sit-to-stands of 98 community-dwelling older adults (aged 77.5 years, 61% female) classified by the history of fall (no = 59, yes = 39). Participants completed 5 consecutive sit-to-stands (60-second rest between each) with FLBP and MV measured by the Tendo. Multivariate analysis of variance modeling determined between-group differences in functional lower body sit-to-stand average velocity, peak velocity, relative average power, and relative peak power. Binary and forward conditional logistic regression models determined the ability of each measure to discriminate fall history.ResultsFLBP and MV were significantly lower in older adults with a fall history (p < .05). Relative average power and peak power were 15% and 16% lower and average and peak velocity were 18% and 14% slower, respectively among fallers. Logistic regression indicated average velocity was the best discriminator of fall history (p < .05).Discussion and ImplicationsThe Tendo detects differences in FLBP and MV during a sit-to-stand while discriminating fall history. Future longitudinal studies should determine efficacy in fall prediction and applicability toward clinically relevant interventions for fall prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validity of a Novel, Clinically Relevant Measure to Differentiate Functional Power and Movement Velocity and Discriminate Fall History Among Older Adults: A Pilot Investigation

Vincenzo

Gray

Glenn

2018

Innovation in Aging

Self Cite

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“…Thus, time-based or repetition-based STS performance should remain as an independent and relevant measure of functional capacity, while more sophisticated procedures and advanced instruments are required to obtain yet other STS-related measures 17 , 18 . To enable a transition into direct power assessment, previous studies have evaluated STS muscle power by using force platforms 19 – 21 , linear position transducers 22 – 24 or 3D accelerometers 25 , 26 . Still, as mentioned above, these procedures present significant economic and technical challenges 27 , which may restrain their applicability in large cohort studies or in a daily clinical setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between leg extension power and 30-s sit-to-stand muscle power in older adults: validation and translation to functional performance

Alcázar

Kamper

Aagaard

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to assess the validity and functional relevance of a standardized procedure to assess lower limb muscle power by means of the 30-s sit-to-stand (STS) test when compared to leg extension power (LEP), traditional STS performance and handgrip strength. A total of 628 community-dwelling older subjects (60–93 years) from the Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study were included. Physical performance was assessed by the 30-s STS and 10-m maximal gait speed tests. Handgrip strength and LEP were recorded by a hand-held dynamometer and the Nottingham power rig, respectively. STS muscle power was calculated using the subjects’ body mass and height, chair height and the number of repetitions completed in the 30-s STS test. We found a small albeit significant difference between LEP and unilateral STS power in older men (245.5 ± 88.8 vs. 223.4 ± 81.4 W; ES = 0.26; p < 0.05), but not in older women (135.9 ± 51.9 vs. 138.5 ± 49.6 W; ES = 0.05; p > 0.05). Notably, a large positive correlation was observed between both measures (r = 0.75; p < 0.001). Relative STS power was more strongly related with maximal gait speed than handgrip strength, repetition-based STS performance and relative LEP after adjusting for age (r = 0.53 vs 0.35–0.45; p < 0.05). In conclusion, STS power obtained from the 30-s STS test appeared to provide a valid measure of bilateral lower limb power and was more strongly related with physical performance than maximal handgrip strength, repetition-based STS performance and LEP.

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“…In addition, this is the only study in older adults to date that has used the squat exercise. The ability to use the squat exercise, which mimics the sit to stand maneuver, is crucial for exercise programming for older adults since the sit to stand maneuver is associated with muscle power and the ability to perform activities of daily living [56].…”

Section: Application Of Flywheel Eo Training To Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eccentric Overload Flywheel Training in Older Adults

Kowalchuk

Butcher

2019

JFMK

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Age-related reductions in muscle strength and muscle power can have significant adverse effects on functional performance in older adults. Exercise training has been shown to be a potent stimulus for improvements in strength and power. However, investigation into how to best optimize training-related adaptations, as well as the accessibility of training methods, is needed. Traditional (TR) methods using gravity-dependent free-weights or weight machines can improve and maintain strength and power but are limited in their ability to provide constant muscle tension and high levels of muscle activation throughout the lowering (eccentric) phase of lifting. Eccentric overload (EO) training may overcome these limitations and has been shown to result in potent adaptations in both young and older adults. Methods of producing EO are significantly limited from a practical perspective. The addition of whole-body flywheel training equipment provides a practical method of producing EO and may be appropriate for older adults wanting to optimize training outcomes. Our review provides limited evidence of the use of eccentric overload flywheel training as a novel training method in seniors. Through the review of literature, EO training overcame some of the limitations set forth by traditional resistance training and demonstrated to have key benefits when combating age-related changes affecting muscle strength and muscle power. It can be concluded that EO training is an important addition to the training arsenal for older adults. Flywheel training provides a practical method of achieving EO, increasing strength and power, combating age-related adaptations, and overall improving quality of life in older adults.

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An Evaluation of Functional Sit-to-Stand Power in Cohorts of Healthy Adults Aged 18–97 Years

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Validity of a Novel, Clinically Relevant Measure to Differentiate Functional Power and Movement Velocity and Discriminate Fall History Among Older Adults: A Pilot Investigation

Validity of a Novel, Clinically Relevant Measure to Differentiate Functional Power and Movement Velocity and Discriminate Fall History Among Older Adults: A Pilot Investigation

Relation between leg extension power and 30-s sit-to-stand muscle power in older adults: validation and translation to functional performance

Eccentric Overload Flywheel Training in Older Adults

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