An evaluation of fresh gas flow rates for spontaneously breathing cats and small dogs on the Humphrey ADE semi-closed breathing system

Gale, Elizabeth; Ticehurst, Kim; Zaki, Sanaa

doi:10.1111/vaa.12209

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…A fresh gas flow of 1 L/min (≥200 ml/kg/min) was allocated for these animals, as this flow rate would likely be sufficient to avoid rebreathing even if minute ventilation increased during the anaesthetic (Walsh & Taylor 2004, Gale et al . 2015). For animals under 5 kg requiring mechanical ventilation, they were assigned to the integrated circle system of an anaesthetic workstation with 15 mm internal diameter smooth bore tubing in line with normal hospital practice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable veterinary anaesthesia: single centre audit of oxygen and inhaled anaesthetic consumption and comparisons to a hypothetical model

McMillan

2021

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives Single centre carbon footprint audit of oxygen and inhaled anaesthetic agent consumption. Study design: Retrospective audit with hypothetical intervention. Materials and Methods Records of 100 consecutive anaesthetics were examined. Consumption of oxygen and inhaled anaesthetic agent were estimated from oxygen flowmeter and vaporiser settings. Carbon dioxide equivalents (kg CO2e) were calculated. Records were reassessed to identify potential reductions in oxygen flow. Animals >5 kg were assigned to use circle systems set at a maintenance flow of 1 L/min following a short transitional period of higher flow. Animals <5 kg were assigned to Mapleson‐A breathing systems at a flow of 1 L/min. Potential reductions in oxygen and inhaled anaesthetic agent consumption and CO2e were calculated. Results A total of 14,370 minutes of anaesthesia were audited. Median bodyweight of the animals was 12.1 (interquartile range 5 to 25.8) kg. Median anaesthetic time was 110 (interquartile range 73.8 to 205) minutes. It was estimated 43,132 L of oxygen were used to vaporise 2605 mL of liquid sevoflurane and 1654 mL of liquid isoflurane. Potential oxygen consumption was 16,798 L, lowering sevoflurane consumption to 1123 mL and isoflurane to 589 mL. Using the suggested technique, oxygen and inhaled anaesthetic agent could have been reduced in 97% of anaesthetics with a median inhaled anaesthetic agent reduction of 59% (interquartile range 43 to 71%). Carbon footprint of the inhaled anaesthetic agent used was calculated as 1.82 metric tonnes of CO2e. This could have been lowered to 0.67 metric tonnes (63% reduction). Clinical Significance Large reductions in oxygen and inhaled anaesthetic agent consumption and therefore greenhouse gas emission and financial expenditure can be made if we audit and adapt our practices.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where this is not possible lower‐flow non‐rebreathing systems, such as the miniature parallel Lack or Humphrey ADE, offer a viable alternative (Walsh & Taylor 2004, Gale et al . 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%