An Evaluation of Energy Storage Options for Nuclear Power

Coleman, Justin; Bragg‐Sitton, Shannon; Dufek, Eric J.

doi:10.2172/1468437

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Concrete costs are estimated from multiple sources. 1,39,63 The cost would ideally be as low as $25/kW‧h(electric) for energy capacity. However, this does not take into account the lower-temperature ranges available from LWR systems.…”

Section: Vb Qualitative and Comprehensive Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrical, mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, and thermal energy storage (TES) technologies are being researched globally to increase our ability to use energy on demand and produce it when needed. 1 The concentrated solar power (CSP) industry has increasingly used molten salt tank systems to flatten its power production profiles over daily cycles while still only collecting heat during daylight hours. In this way, CSP is overcoming the grid challenges of renewable intermittency by becoming as steady of a power source as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenomenon Identification and Ranking Table Development for Future Application Figure-of-Merit Studies on Thermal Energy Storage Integrations with Light Water Reactors

et al. 2021

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There are no standard prioritization criteria for evaluating thermal energy storage (TES) options for use in integrated energy systems. A framework for proposing, analyzing, and presenting energy storage integration with power producers and users is presented along with a specific figure-of-merit (FOM) study based in this framework. This basis for evaluating storage technologies can provide a structure for the energy industry to analyze and prioritize energy storage in different applications and environments. The phenomena identification and ranking table (PIRT) presents a series of design questions specific to energy storage applications. The FOM study, built in this PIRT framework based on a nuclear-renewable hybrid energy system using TES to produce power and provide process energy for a secondary user, successfully identified specific technologies to use based on the project requirements. Expanding the library of projects using this framework will expand the deployable options for energy storage and increase its potential for energy security.

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Section: Vb Qualitative and Comprehensive Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomenon Identification and Ranking Table Development for Future Application Figure-of-Merit Studies on Thermal Energy Storage Integrations with Light Water Reactors

et al. 2021

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“…Potential design of a two-tank sensible heat peaking unit integrated with a SMR [73]. 6,7,8 By completely separating the hot and cold storage masses, it is possible to have constant temperature discharge of all stored heat [74]. This simple system is currently used in many solar systems using molten salt or thermal oils [72].…”

Section: Two-tankmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various energy storage technologies are currently under development globally. An Idaho National Laboratory (INL) report from 2017 identified twenty-four mechanical, electrical, electrochemical, chemical, and thermal energy storage methods [8]. Nuclear reactors produce large amounts of thermal power that is transferred from the core at pressures and temperatures around 3.5-7 MPa and 290-345°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Performance Evaluation and Ranking of Thermal Energy Storage Options for Light Water Reactor Integration to Support Modeling and Simulation

Mikkelson

Frick

Bragg‐Sitton

et al. 2019

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This report provides an in-depth analysis of current thermal storage technologies in the marketplace as of 2019 and develops a phenomenological identification ranking table (PIRT) and Figure of Merit (FOM) study for near-term thermal energy storage technologies with light water reactor technology. Particular focus was given the NuScale reactor as part of the Joint Use Modular Plant (JUMP) program between INL, NuScale, and the Utah Associated Municipal Project (UAMPs).It is fair to notice that the changes in the scope of the Integrated Energy System program led this report to focus more on thermal energy storage than on hydrogen as a form of local energy storage. This is due to LWRS (Light Water Reactor Sustainability) program picking up this area of research with an industrial partner as a part of a CRADA.Moreover, instead of trying to develop few initial models of some storage technologies, it has been chosen to analyze a broader range of thermal storage technologies and models available in literature. This takes also in consideration that any new model development in modelica would become soon obsolete, giving the decision to reshape the hybrid ecosystem of modelica models, which is part of FY2020 effort.Ancillary service industries and technologies are explored in detail to ascertain thermodynamic requirements for integration with thermal energy storage technologies. These industries include steel manufacturing, hydrogen production, desalination, pulp and paper manufacturing. It was determined that a large percentage of these industries can make use of existing nuclear output temperatures and pressures. Storage technologies that can maintain these values are advantageous for coupling purposes.The report then analyzes ten thermal energy storage technologies, with thirteen specific systems discussed in detail regarding their potential to integrate with LWR technology. A ranking tool identified important characteristics of thermal storage and ranked each of the technologies. Concrete, molten salt, and thermal oil sensible heat storages, and steam accumulators evaluated highly. After including cost estimations and qualitatively comparing these technologies, it is recommended that either molten salt or thermal oil is used for implementation with the JUMP module. The TES project cost will likely cost between $14,000,000 and $50,000,000. The potential flexibility of a two-tank sensible heat storage system should be able to demonstrate various new uses for nuclear heat. From power peaking via steam or liquid air heat topping to process heat applications, a two-tank system should be able to best provide a constant power transfer capability to the auxiliary energy consumer.Through commencement of this work, a more refined thermal storage selection process for Nuscale and existing nuclear power plants can be conducted. The ranking system developed here can be used to reevaluate the energy storage options periodically depending on the projected installation dates. Current results suggest two-tank thermal energy storage i...

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Analysis of controls for integrated energy storage system in energy arbitrage configuration with concrete thermal energy storage

Mikkelson

Frick

2022

Applied Energy

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An Evaluation of Energy Storage Options for Nuclear Power

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Phenomenon Identification and Ranking Table Development for Future Application Figure-of-Merit Studies on Thermal Energy Storage Integrations with Light Water Reactors

Phenomenon Identification and Ranking Table Development for Future Application Figure-of-Merit Studies on Thermal Energy Storage Integrations with Light Water Reactors

Initial Performance Evaluation and Ranking of Thermal Energy Storage Options for Light Water Reactor Integration to Support Modeling and Simulation

Analysis of controls for integrated energy storage system in energy arbitrage configuration with concrete thermal energy storage

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