An evaluation of different methods for the recovery of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from environmental surfaces

Obee, P.; Griffith, Chris; Cooper, Rose; Bennion, N.

doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2006.09.010

Cited by 75 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Overall, the CP method was superior to ES despite the fact that a greater surface area was sampled by the swab (100 cm 2 ) than by the contact plate (19.625 cm 2 ). Our findings are in accordance with other studies, which observed a better recovery of environmental infectious bacteria with contact plates than with the swab method followed by a direct plating or enrichment step (17,18), although this difference may vary according to the organism sought. Obee et al (18) showed a higher recovery rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from a stainless steel table using methicillin contact plates than using a swab method.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Environmental Contamination by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

et al. 2013

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In the last decade, the global emergence of carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae has posed great concern to public health. Data concerning the role of environmental contamination in the dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are currently lacking. Here, we aimed to examine the extent of CRE contamination in various sites in the immediate surroundings of CRE carriers and to assess the effects of sampling time and cleaning regimens on the recovery rate. We evaluated the performance of two sampling methods, CHROMAgar KPC contact plate and eSwab, for the detection of environmental CRE. eSwab was followed either by direct plating or by broth enrichment. First, 14 sites in the close vicinity of the carrier were evaluated for environmental contamination, and 5, which were found to be contaminated, were further studied. The environmental contamination decreased with distance from the patient; the bed area was the most contaminated site. Additionally, we found that the sampling time and the cleaning regimen were critical factors affecting the prevalence of environmental CRE contamination. We found that the CHROMAgar KPC contact plate method was a more effective technique for detecting environmental CRE than were eSwab-based methods. In summary, our study demonstrated that the vicinity of patients colonized with CRE is often contaminated by these organisms. Using selective contact plates to detect environmental contamination may guide cleaning efficacy and assist with outbreak investigation in an effort to limit the spread of CRE.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Environmental Contamination by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

et al. 2013

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“…4 Dipslides coated with nutrient and Baird Parker agars (Biotrace®, Bridgend, UK) were incubated at 30°C in air for 48 hours after sampling. 4,5 Microbial growth was quantified as <2.5 cfu/cm 2 = scanty growth; 2.5-12cfu/cm 2 = light growth; and 12-40cfu/cm 2 = moderate growth, according to manufacturer's recommendations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are hygiene standards useful in assessing infection risk?

White

Dancer

Robertson

et al. 2008

American Journal of Infection Control

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“…As Pal et al (2013) and Obee et al (2007) found, the conventional agar contact method is more sensitive than a swabbing technique [8,19]. However, in the agar contact method each CASO agar and nutrient agar culture plate may contact an average area of 22-25cm 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of keypads and touch-screen mobile phones/devices as potential risk for microbial contamination

Köroğlu

Günal

Yıldız

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Touch-screen mobile phones/devices (TMPs/Ds) are increasingly used in hospitals. They may act as a mobile reservoir for microbial pathogens. The rates of microbial contamination of TMPs/Ds and keypad mobile phones (KMPs) with respect to different variables including use by healthcare workers (HCWs)/non-HCWs and the demographic characteristics of users were investigated. Methodology: A total of 205 mobile phones/devices were screened for microbial contamination: 76 devices belonged to HCWs and 129 devices belonged to the non-HCW group. By rubbing swabs to front screen, back, keypad, and metallic surfaces of devices, 444 samples were collected. Results: Of 205 mobile phones/devices, 143 (97.9%) of the TMPs/Ds and 58 (98.3%) of the KMPs were positive for microbial contamination, and there were no significant differences in contamination rates between these groups, although TMPs/Ds had significantly higher microbial load than KMPs (p <0.05). The significant difference in this analysis was attributable to the screen size of mobile phones ≥ 5". Microbial contamination rates increased significantly as phone size increased (p <0.05). Higher numbers of coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) were isolated from KMPs than TMPs/Ds (p = 0.049). The incidence of Enterococcus spp. was higher on the KMPs of HCWs, and methicillin resistant CNS was higher from the TMPs/Ds of non-HCWs (p <0.05). Isolation of CNS, Streptococcus spp. and Escherichia coli was higher from the TMPs/Ds of HCWs (p <0.05). Conclusions: We found no significant difference between TMP/Ds and KMPs in terms of microbial contamination, but TMP/Ds harboured more colonies and total microbial counts increased with screen size.

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An evaluation of different methods for the recovery of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from environmental surfaces

Cited by 75 publications

References 17 publications

Environmental Contamination by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Environmental Contamination by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Are hygiene standards useful in assessing infection risk?

Comparison of keypads and touch-screen mobile phones/devices as potential risk for microbial contamination

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