An estradiol matrix transdermal system for the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss

McKeever, C; McIlwain, Harris H.; Greenwald, Maria; Gupta, Niroo; Jayawardene, S.; Huels, G; Roberts, Maria

doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(00)80057-0

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…All the trials studied the effect of two, three or four doses of estrogen therapy and hormone therapy against placebo on bone mineral density. These studies in general found similar increases in spine bone mineral density for estrogen therapy and hormone therapy as reported in the meta‐analysis (3, 7, 20, 23, 83, 88, 99, 113, 125, 130, 146).…”

Section: Hormone Replacement Therapysupporting

confidence: 72%

Osteoporosis and periodontal disease

Geurs

2007

Periodontology 2000

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Section: Hormone Replacement Therapysupporting

confidence: 72%

Osteoporosis and periodontal disease

Geurs

2007

Periodontology 2000

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“…In women with osteoporosis, a reduction in the incidence of hip, vertebral, and non-vertebral fractures of almost 50% was found. This effect was noted soon after the commencement of therapy (11,48,59,107). Long-term use of alendronate is safe for at least 7 years without adverse affects on bone strength.…”

Section: Role Of Bone-sparing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In women with osteoporosis, a reduction in the incidence of hip, vertebral, and non‐vertebral fractures of almost 50% was found. This effect was noted soon after the commencement of therapy (11, 48, 59, 107).…”

Section: Periodontal Management Of Osteopenia Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased bone mineral density and periodontal management

Reddy¹,

Morgan²

2012

Periodontology 2000

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The definition of osteoporosis has evolved beyond low bone mineral density to include impaired bone morphology and matrix properties. As such, the subsequent bone density insufficiencies extend beyond the skeletal risks of fracture and have implications for oral health management patients. As our population ages there is a worldwide increase in the risk of decreased bone mineral density and its subsequent morbidity. This makes age an independent risk factor for fracture and decreased bone mineral density. Multiple examinations and diagnostic tests are currently used in combination to develop an algorithm to assess osteoporotic risk. Oral health care professionals should follow these principles and caution should be used in applying a single independent assessment to determine a patient's osteoporotic or bone metabolism risk. Therapeutic approaches for osteoporosis are often divided into nonpharmacological interventions and pharmacological therapies. The periodontist and other oral health care professionals should have a full understanding of the therapeutic options, benefits and implementation of preventive therapies. Bone turnover is a coupled event of bone formation and bone resorption and it is the imbalance of this homeostasis that results in osteoporosis. Based on this uncoupling of bone resorption and formation, osteoporosis or decreased bone mineral density and osteopenia, may be a risk factor for alveolar bone loss in periodontitis. The role of prevention and maintenance with a history of periodontitis and oesteopenia extends beyond biofilm control and should include management of bone mineral density. The chronic periodontal infection in a patient with osteopenia may place the patient at greatly increased risk for alveolar bone loss, gingival recession and root caries. A key component in the management is the oral health professional's knowledge of the interrelationship between skeletal health and periodontal health.

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“…Another important factor to consider in an overall risk–benefit assessment is the dose of estrogen. There is substantial evidence that while low-dose estrogen is effective for menopausal symptoms [27] and for the prevention of bone loss [28] and other specific diseases associated with the low menopausal levels of estrogen, lower doses are associated with fewer side effects [27] and lowered risks.…”

Section: Factors That Affect the Risk–benefit Profile Of Hormone Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Individualizing Hormone Therapy to Minimize Risk: Accurate Assessment of Risks and Benefits

Shoupe

2011

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Contrary to the exaggerated risks associated with HRT that developed after the initial press reports held by the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) writing group, the recent approach to hormone therapy is more balanced and evidence based. A review of over 40 years of scientific studies demonstrates that estrogen is a medication that can decrease mortality, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis fracture, urogenital atrophy and dementia. When timing of administration, dose of therapy and route of administration are considered, estrogen is associated with low risks and substantial benefits. The decision of whether or not to take HRT for either short symptom relief or for long-term therapy, should be based on an accurate risk-benefit analysis. Adjusting the dose of therapy and considering a transdermal approach, particularly in high-risk patients, are important considerations.

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An estradiol matrix transdermal system for the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Osteoporosis and periodontal disease

Osteoporosis and periodontal disease

Decreased bone mineral density and periodontal management

Individualizing Hormone Therapy to Minimize Risk: Accurate Assessment of Risks and Benefits

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