An Essential Function for Auxin in Embryo Development

Verma, Subodh; Attuluri, Venkata Pardha Saradhi; Robert, Hélène S.

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a039966

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(160 reference statements)

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“…Starting from the late globular stage, the PIN1 distribution differed in WT and many rgtb1 / rgtb1 × WT embryos. In WT, PIN1 was localized mainly on cell membranes in a polar fashion ( Figure 8 A–C), presumably mediating auxin transport to the prospective tips of the cotyledons (recently reviewed in [ 59 ]). At the early heart stage, when the cotyledon primordia were visible, there were two discernible PIN1 expression domains at the embryo surface ( Figure 8 B) [ 58 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the early heart stage, when the cotyledon primordia were visible, there were two discernible PIN1 expression domains at the embryo surface ( Figure 8 B) [ 58 ]. The site of auxin biosynthesis between them was devoid of PIN1 expression [ 59 ]. On the contrary, in many rgtb1 / rgtb1 × WT embryos, the PIN1 domain remained wider, also covering the region of the embryo between the emerging cotyledon tips ( Figure 8 G,K,L,N).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the deformed embryos developing after the rgtb1 / rgtb1 × WT cross showed decreased auxin maxima in the emerging cotyledons and defects in PIN1 localization, resembling mutants in PIN1 and its regulator PINOID [ 58 ]. The site of auxin synthesis is normally the domain between the emerging cotyledons, from which it is transported to the cotyledon tips by the PIN1 transporter (reviewed in [ 59 ]. The auxin trapped in the domain between the cotyledons promotes growth locally, while its decrease in the cotyledon tips apparently prevents their elongation in embryos developing on the rgtb1 / rgtb1 plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Rab Geranylgeranyl Transferase Beta Subunit Is Essential for Embryo and Seed Development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Rojek

Tucker

Rychłowski

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Auxin is a key regulator of plant development affecting the formation and maturation of reproductive structures. The apoplastic route of auxin transport engages influx and efflux facilitators from the PIN, AUX and ABCB families. The polar localization of these proteins and constant recycling from the plasma membrane to endosomes is dependent on Rab-mediated vesicular traffic. Rab proteins are anchored to membranes via posttranslational addition of two geranylgeranyl moieties by the Rab Geranylgeranyl Transferase enzyme (RGT), which consists of RGTA, RGTB and REP subunits. Here, we present data showing that seed development in the rgtb1 mutant, with decreased vesicular transport capacity, is disturbed. Both pre- and post-fertilization events are affected, leading to a decrease in seed yield. Pollen tube recognition at the stigma and its guidance to the micropyle is compromised and the seed coat forms incorrectly. Excess auxin in the sporophytic tissues of the ovule in the rgtb1 plants leads to an increased tendency of autonomous endosperm formation in unfertilized ovules and influences embryo development in a maternal sporophytic manner. The results show the importance of vesicular traffic for sexual reproduction in flowering plants, and highlight RGTB1 as a key component of sporophytic-filial signaling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Rab Geranylgeranyl Transferase Beta Subunit Is Essential for Embryo and Seed Development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Rojek

Tucker

Rychłowski

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…During Arabidopsis embryogenesis, protoderm, ground tissue, and procambium initiation, and root meristem precursor cell determination happen at the globular stage (Lau et al, 2012). It is well known that auxin plays an indispensable role during Arabidopsis embryo pattern formation (Locascio et al, 2014;Smit and Weijers, 2015;Verma et al, 2021). In emb2726-4 embryos, PIN1 expression was not observed, and DR5:GFP fluorescence was seen in both the hypophysis and lower suspensor cells, similar to the pin7 mutant (Robert et al, 2013), indicating that polar auxin transport was disrupted in emb2726 embryos.…”

Section: Emb2726 Affects the Auxin Distribution And Pattern Formation In Developing Embryosmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In emb2726-4 embryos, PIN1 expression was not observed, and DR5:GFP fluorescence was seen in both the hypophysis and lower suspensor cells, similar to the pin7 mutant (Robert et al, 2013), indicating that polar auxin transport was disrupted in emb2726 embryos. Moreover, instead of being restricted to the apical region at the globular and transition stages, the expression of DRN, whose transcription is activated by the auxin response factor MONOPTEROS and whose protein affects auxin transport (Cole et al, 2009;Verma et al, 2021), was detected throughout emb2726 embryos, suggesting that the distribution of auxin was disturbed in the mutant.…”

Section: Emb2726 Affects the Auxin Distribution And Pattern Formation In Developing Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastid-Localized EMB2726 Is Involved in Chloroplast Biogenesis and Early Embryo Development in Arabidopsis

Shang

Qiu

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Embryogenesis is a critical developmental process that establishes the body organization of higher plants. During this process, the biogenesis of chloroplasts from proplastids is essential. A failure in chloroplast development during embryogenesis can cause morphologically abnormal embryos or embryonic lethality. In this study, we isolated a T-DNA insertion mutant of the Arabidopsis gene EMBRYO DEFECTIVE 2726 (EMB2726). Heterozygous emb2726 seedlings produced about 25% albino seeds with embryos that displayed defects at the 32-cell stage and that arrested development at the late globular stage. EMB2726 protein was localized in chloroplasts and was expressed at all stages of development, such as embryogenesis. Moreover, the two translation elongation factor Ts domains within the protein were critical for its function. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the cells in emb2726 embryos contained undifferentiated proplastids and that the expression of plastid genome-encoded photosynthesis-related genes was dramatically reduced. Expression studies of DR5:GFP, pDRN:DRN-GFP, and pPIN1:PIN1-GFP reporter lines indicated normal auxin biosynthesis but altered polar auxin transport. The expression of pSHR:SHR-GFP and pSCR:SCR-GFP confirmed that procambium and ground tissue precursors were lacking in emb2726 embryos. The results suggest that EMB2726 plays a critical role during Arabidopsis embryogenesis by affecting chloroplast development, possibly by affecting the translation process in plastids.

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Exploring the dynamics of ISR signaling in maize upon seed priming with plant growth promoting actinobacteria isolated from tea rhizosphere of Darjeeling

Mondal,

Acharya,

Mukherjee

et al. 2024

Arch Microbiol

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An Essential Function for Auxin in Embryo Development

Cited by 30 publications

References 103 publications

The Rab Geranylgeranyl Transferase Beta Subunit Is Essential for Embryo and Seed Development in Arabidopsis thaliana

The Rab Geranylgeranyl Transferase Beta Subunit Is Essential for Embryo and Seed Development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plastid-Localized EMB2726 Is Involved in Chloroplast Biogenesis and Early Embryo Development in Arabidopsis

Exploring the dynamics of ISR signaling in maize upon seed priming with plant growth promoting actinobacteria isolated from tea rhizosphere of Darjeeling

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