An essay on calcareous manures

Ruffin, Edmund

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.27656

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…After European settlers migrated to the Southeast, the upland hardwood forests were converted to farmland (Metz, 1958). Much of the forest was cleared and burned to be managed for corn, wheat, tobacco, and mostly cotton after 1800 (Gray & Thompson, 1933;Ruffin, 1852). After the Civil War, intense deforestation along with a substantial use of lime and P fertilizer occurred (Sheridan, 1979;Taylor, 1953).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Soil phosphorus continues to re‐equilibrate over 60 years of forest development in the Calhoun Critical Zone Observatory in the southeastern US Piedmont

Foroughi,

Sutter,

Richter

et al. 2024

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Land use changes and reforestation impact soil phosphorus (P) distribution over extended periods. This study examines P distribution in forest development from 1957 to 2017 at the Calhoun Critical Zone Observatory in South Carolina. Tracking changes in 0–60 cm mineral soil P fractions through six samplings in eight continuously uncut plots and eight plots cut in 2007 (replanted in 2009), we hypothesized an increase in soil organic P (Po) over time in uncut plots, at the expense of HCl‐extractable P (i.e., Ca‐P). This hypothesis is based on the expectation of a transfer of P from easily accessible forms, possibly from historic fertilization to organic reservoirs within the soil. Meanwhile, we expect to lose Po in cut plots due to disturbance and residue decomposition, and increase bioavailable Mehlich‐III extractable P (Mehlich‐III P), resin inorganic phosphorus (Pi), and HCO3 Pi. Results revealed a continued decrease in Mehlich‐III P in uncut (38.7–15.7 µg g−1) and cut plots (25.2–17.7 µg g−1) within the 0–7.5 cm range. NaOH‐Po in uncut plots remained stable, while in cut plots, it increased by ∼4 µg g−1 in the 0–7.5 cm soil layer. Slowly cycling Po (NaOH‐Po) increased during forest regrowth in the cut plots, aligning with rising soil organic carbon and decreasing soil pH. Soil P changes indicate minor declines in available fractions during the initial three decades, with the HCl extractable (Ca‐P) fraction experiencing the highest depletion. In the later three decades, P associated with NaOH extraction (i.e., iron [Fe] and aluminum [Al] bound P) declined, although estimated mineral soil P removals during this period were less than accumulated P in tree biomass and forest floor. The total soil P decline from 1990 to 2017 was 34 kg ha−1, suggesting a growing role of P recycling from debris decomposition in supplying soil P to plants.

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Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Soil phosphorus continues to re‐equilibrate over 60 years of forest development in the Calhoun Critical Zone Observatory in the southeastern US Piedmont

Foroughi,

Sutter,

Richter

et al. 2024

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…20 Ruffin was very clear that he did not consider digitally empowered activist groups like the electrohippies to be operating at the same level or with the same clarity of logic as his group: " One does not become a hacktivist merely by inserting an ' h ' in front of the word activist or by looking backward to paradigm associated with industrial organization. " 21 And it is true, these groups were not operating along the same lines of philosophy and practice. Groups such as Cult of the Dead Cow and, later, Hacktivismo were often engaged in building tools of dubious legality, tools that enabled users to encrypt their communications, evade firewalls and censors, and mask their internet traffic.…”

Section: Shouting Down Your Opponentmentioning

confidence: 99%