“…Womack and Jones proposed the idea of applying Lean in healthcare (Womack and Jones, 1997); however, the methodology was only adapted in this field in the early 2000s, and since then the field has been blooming at an accelerated rate (Brandao de Souza, 2009, D'Andreamatteo et al , 2015, Filser et al , 2017; Henrique and Godinho Filho, 2018). For example, studies have employed Lean for reducing patient waiting time in a cancer treatment center (Suss et al , 2017), improving staff and patient experience and reducing cycle time in radiology departments (Lodge and Bamford, 2008), optimizing the processes related to bone and brain metastases patients (Kim et al , 2007), improving the IT support function at Northeast Wisconsin community health system (Holden and Hackbart, 2012), enhancing the delivery system at three hospitals’ warehouses (Venkateswaran et al , 2013), developing an equipment-qualification framework that enables healthcare professionals to better detect and control causes of adverse events (Hale et al , 2019), reducing inpatient length of hospital stay and associated management costs when used alongside Six Sigma (Improta et al , 2019) and improving patients’ satisfaction in a mobile hospital when leveraged with Six Sigma and design thinking (Sunder et al , 2019). A 2020 systematic review of 40 studies concluded that Lean Healthcare helped in reducing waiting time and length of stay in ambulatory care (Tlapa et al , 2020).…”