Abstract:The self-diffusion coefficient in Lennard–Jones fluid was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. Simulations were done at 414 states in the temperature–volume plane. An equation of state for the self-diffusion coefficient was derived by the least-square fitting. The calculated equation of state was in agreement with the experimental results on CO2. Its pressure dependence was also consistent with that in liquid hexane. The liquid structure was analyzed by the excess coordination number, the distributions of… Show more
“…The self-part of the dynamic structure factor is approximated to be purely diffusive, where D means the self-diffusion coefficient of the solute. We neglect the critical anomaly of the self-diffusion coefficient, because it is quite small if any. , …”
The nonpolar solvation dynamics in Lennard−Jones fluids is discussed in terms of the relationship with the
dynamic structure factor of neat solvent, using the theoretical expression that describes the solvation correlation
function as the superposition of solvent dynamic structure factors at various wavenumbers. Several expressions
for the coupling strength between the state transition of the solute and the solvent density modes are examined
with respect to their abilities to predict the static fluctuation. In the present theoretical model, it is found that
the difference between the ground- and excited-state solute−solvent interactions can be adequately taken as
the coupling strength with the solvent density mode. Employing this expression for the coupling, the solvent
fluctuation around k ≅ σ
-1 (σ stands for the diameter of the solvent) contributes dominantly to the static
fluctuation in all the densities investigated. This corresponds to the feature of the solvation dynamics in
mixed solvents, in which the effective wavenumber is determined to be 1.14σ-1 from the proportionality
between the solvation rates and the diffusion coefficients in the higher-density region. The half decay time
(t
1/2) of the dynamic structure factor at this wavenumber shows similar density dependence to that of the
solvation correlation function obtained in our previous work. The half decay time of the dynamic structure
factor is correlated with the static structure factor. This supports our previous proposal that the curvature of
the free energy surface along the solvation coordinate is essential to the solvation dynamics. The agreement
between the present theory and the simulation is further improved by taking the motion of the solute into
account.
“…The self-part of the dynamic structure factor is approximated to be purely diffusive, where D means the self-diffusion coefficient of the solute. We neglect the critical anomaly of the self-diffusion coefficient, because it is quite small if any. , …”
The nonpolar solvation dynamics in Lennard−Jones fluids is discussed in terms of the relationship with the
dynamic structure factor of neat solvent, using the theoretical expression that describes the solvation correlation
function as the superposition of solvent dynamic structure factors at various wavenumbers. Several expressions
for the coupling strength between the state transition of the solute and the solvent density modes are examined
with respect to their abilities to predict the static fluctuation. In the present theoretical model, it is found that
the difference between the ground- and excited-state solute−solvent interactions can be adequately taken as
the coupling strength with the solvent density mode. Employing this expression for the coupling, the solvent
fluctuation around k ≅ σ
-1 (σ stands for the diameter of the solvent) contributes dominantly to the static
fluctuation in all the densities investigated. This corresponds to the feature of the solvation dynamics in
mixed solvents, in which the effective wavenumber is determined to be 1.14σ-1 from the proportionality
between the solvation rates and the diffusion coefficients in the higher-density region. The half decay time
(t
1/2) of the dynamic structure factor at this wavenumber shows similar density dependence to that of the
solvation correlation function obtained in our previous work. The half decay time of the dynamic structure
factor is correlated with the static structure factor. This supports our previous proposal that the curvature of
the free energy surface along the solvation coordinate is essential to the solvation dynamics. The agreement
between the present theory and the simulation is further improved by taking the motion of the solute into
account.
“…The diffusion coefficient has been intensively studied in theories based on non-equilibrium statistical physics. [7,8] Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation is another powerful tool for the study of dynamic processes in the liquid phase and the self-diffusion processes in neat liquids have also been simulated. [9,10] To calculate the transport properties of simple and molecular fluids, non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations have also emerged as a powerful tool.…”
We use non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to calculate the self-diffusion coefficient, D, of a Lennard-Jones fluid over a wide density and temperature range. The change in self-diffusion coefficient with temperature decreases by increasing density. For density ρ * = ρσ 3 = 0.84 we observe a peak at the value of the self-diffusion coefficient and the critical temperature T * = kT /ε = 1.25. The value of the self-diffusion coefficient strongly depends on system size. The data of the self-diffusion coefficient are fitted to a simple analytic relation based on hydrodynamic arguments. This correction scales as N −α , where α is an adjustable parameter and N is the number of particles. It is observed that the values of α < 1 provide quite a good correction to the simulation data. The system size dependence is very strong for lower densities, but it is not as strong for higher densities. The self-diffusion coefficient calculated with non-equilibrium molecular dynamic simulations at different temperatures and densities is in good agreement with other calculations from the literature.
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