An epizootic of malignant catarrhal fever

Gw, Horner; Re, Oliver; Hunter, Robert N.

doi:10.1080/00480169.1975.34188

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Similar to the current case, MCF is characterized by clinical signs of appetite loss, self-isolation from the stock, lethargy, emaciation, fever, lymph node enlargement, bilateral corneal opacity, nasal and ocular discharge, and hyperesthesia (Zamila et al, 2011;Gelaye et al, 2013;OIE, 2020). The gross pathological findings obtained in the present case report are similar to those described in previous reports by Horner (2003) and Pesca et al (2019), which revealed erotic lesions in the mouth and nasal cavities, diphtheritic mucus membranes, hemorrhage on the serosal surface, an infarct, white foci in the renal cortex, and enlarged superficial lymph nodes. The conventional PCR test has confirmed the presence of Ovine herpesvirus type two (OHV-2) DNA in the pathological tissue samples (kidney, liver, and lymph node) collected during the post-mortem examination of the present case.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The present case of MCF was diagnosed based on clinical findings, post-mortem, and a PCR result, as described by Horner (2003). Similar to the current case, MCF is characterized by clinical signs of appetite loss, self-isolation from the stock, lethargy, emaciation, fever, lymph node enlargement, bilateral corneal opacity, nasal and ocular discharge, and hyperesthesia (Zamila et al, 2011;Gelaye et al, 2013;OIE, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…While, from the reservoir to the susceptible host (such as cattle), the transmission is by close contact through aerosols and contamination of pasture by the discharge of the reservoir animal. However, cattle are a dead-end host for MCF because once they are infected; they do not transmit the disease to other animals (Horner, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case Reports: Clinical features and postmorteum findings of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a 2-years old bull

Bariso,

Befekadu,

Feyisa

2023

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) is a fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle and other ungulates caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), the main causative agents of wildebeest-associated MCF (WA-MCF) and sheep-associated MCF (SA-MCF), respectively. The virus is mainly spread by aerosols from pregnant or newborn sheep, goats, and wildebeest to susceptible animals. This case report presents the clinical features and post-mortem findings of an unusual case of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) in a two-year-old bull brought to the Professor Feseha Gebreab Memorial Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Bishoftu, Ethiopia. The bull was semi-intensively managed, co-housed, and fed with sheep and other domestic animals. The animal was shivering upon arrival, with naso-ocular discharge and clouding of the eyes. The bull was febrile, with a rectal body temperature of 41.4 oC and a respiratory and heart rate of 40 and 48 beats per minute, respectively. On physical examination, the bull was emaciated, with bilateral yellowish mucopurulent naso-ocular discharge, frequent blinking, bilateral corneal opacity, salivation, a foamy mouth, head pressing, and enlargement of superficial lymph nodes. Malignant catarrhal fever was suspected based on the history and clinical signs, and empiric therapy with 10% oxytetracycline, diclofenac, and IV fluid was initiated. The bull died after receiving the third day of treatment. At necropsy, hemorrhages were found in the esophagus, trachea, and small and large intestines. In the kidney, white foci, enlargement, and fatty degeneration were observed. An ulcerated lesion was seen on the abomasum. In the gall bladder, enlargement and vascularization were also noted. The current case report confirms the rare case of clinical SA-MCF based on the history, exhibited clinical pictures, post-mortem findings, and PCR results. Separation of cattle and sheep is strongly advised to prevent SA-MCF, as no vaccine has yet been developed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Case Reports: Clinical features and postmorteum findings of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a 2-years old bull

Bariso,

Befekadu,

Feyisa

2023

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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“…The detection of viruses, bacteria and parasites in PCR was carried out using the primers described in the literature for pasteurella [35], mycoplasma spp. [36], Clostridium toxins [37], Coxiella [38], Visna Maedi viruses [39], Akabane viruses [40], MCF viruses [41], Theileria [42], Babezii [43], Anaplasma [44].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological characterization of Pasteurella multocida present in the Saiga population

et al. 2019

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BackgroundThis study provides biochemical and molecular genetic characteristics of P. multocida isolated from dead saigas in 1988, 2010–2015 on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.ResultsBacteriological samples taken from carcasses of saiga antelope during mortality events recorded in West Kazakhstan in both 2010 and 2011 and in Kostanay in 2012 and 2015 confirmed the presence of P. multocida, according to morphological and biochemical characterisation. Only in the event of 2015 was the agent proven to be the causative agent of the disease observed, haemorrhagic septicaemia. In the other mortality events it is not certain if the organism was a primary aetiology or an incidental finding as confirmatory pathological investigation was not undertaken. The implemented phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal RNA 16S gene allowed us to identify Pasteurella strains isolated in 2010–2015 as P. multocida subspecies multocida. Capsular typing by PCR showed that the studied strains isolated from dead saiga in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2015 belonged to serotype B. MLST analysis showed that these strains of P. multocida are of the capsule type B and form one clonal grouping with isolates ST64, ST44, ST45, ST46, ST44, ST47 which isolated from cases of hemorrhagic septicemia of animals in Hungary, Burma, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Spain. Sixteen virulence genes of the five strains of P. multocida, isolated from saigas were studied using multiplex PCR. ptfA, ompA, ompH, oma87, plpB, fimA, hsf-2, pfhA, exbB, tonB, hgbA, fur, nanB, nanH and pmHAS genes were detected in all strains. The toxA gene was not identified in the studied strains. The phylogenies of these isolates is compared across saiga populations and years and the 2015 isolate was compared to that of an isolate from a disease outbreak in 1988 and the findings suggest that these isolated bacteria are stable commensals, opportunistically pathogenic, being phylogenetically uniform with very little genetic variation notable over the last 4 decades.ConclusionIsolation, phenotypic and genetic characterization of the P. multocida isolates inform understanding of the epidemiology of infection in saigas and predict virulent potential of these opportunistic bacteria.

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Infectious, inflammatory, and immune diseases

2022

Large Animal Neurology

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An epizootic of malignant catarrhal fever

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Case Reports: Clinical features and postmorteum findings of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a 2-years old bull

Case Reports: Clinical features and postmorteum findings of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a 2-years old bull

Biological characterization of Pasteurella multocida present in the Saiga population

Infectious, inflammatory, and immune diseases

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