An Epidemiology of Neighborhood Poverty: Causal Factors of Infant Mortality Among Blacks and Whites in the Metropolitan United States*

Strait, John B.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9272.2006.00510.x

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The empirical support for the association between a nation's level of poverty and its infant mortality rate is so consistent (Antonovsky and Bernstein, 1977;Firebaugh and Beck, 1994;Frey and Field, 2000) that it is usually assumed (see Ross, 2006). Subnational studies in the United States (Strait, 2006) and elsewhere also commonly find a strong association between poverty and infant mortality.…”

Section: Infant Mortality As a Proxy For Povertymentioning

confidence: 93%

A Methodological Addition to the Cross‐national Empirical Literature on Social Structure and Homicide: A First Test of the Poverty‐homicide Thesis*

2008

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Dozens of cross‐national studies of homicide have been published in the last three decades. Although nearly all these studies test for an association between inequality and homicide, no studies test for a poverty—homicide association. This absence is disconcerting given that poverty is one of the most consistent predictors of area homicide rates in the abundant empirical literature on social structure and homicide in the United States. Using a sample that coincides closely with similar recent studies, applying a proxy for poverty (infant mortality) that is commonly employed in noncriminological cross‐national research, and controlling for several common covariates (including inequality), this study provides the first test of the poverty—homicide hypothesis at the cross‐national level. The results reveal a positive and significant association between a nation's level of poverty and its homicide rate. The findings also suggest that we may need to reassess the strong conclusions about an inequality—homicide association drawn from prior studies, as this relationship disappears when poverty is included in the model.

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Section: Infant Mortality As a Proxy For Povertymentioning

confidence: 93%

A Methodological Addition to the Cross‐national Empirical Literature on Social Structure and Homicide: A First Test of the Poverty‐homicide Thesis*

2008

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“…Coupled with this are community and neighborhood factors that compound the problem of building social networks and increasing social cohesion (Kawachi and Kennedy 1997;Schempf, Strobino, and O'Campo 2009;Strait 2006;Turner 2004). Using the constrained choice framework developed by Bird and Rieker (2008), this model program considers the necessary elements of a multidimensional approach to infant mortality within the community context.…”

Section: Background and Description Of Model Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research shows that a major contributing factor to negative outcomes of pregnancy is poor socioeconomic/behavioral circumstances leading women to have a weak or nonexistent connection with the health care system (Daniels, Noe, and Mayberry 2006; Gortmaker and Wise 1997; Haas 2006; Kawachi and Kennedy 1997). Coupled with this are community and neighborhood factors that compound the problem of building social networks and increasing social cohesion (Kawachi and Kennedy 1997; Schempf, Strobino, and O’Campo 2009; Strait 2006; Turner 2004). Using the constrained choice framework developed by Bird and Rieker (2008), this model program considers the necessary elements of a multidimensional approach to infant mortality within the community context.…”

Section: Background and Description Of Model Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model Program for Patient Navigation

Holsapple

Jensen²

2013

Journal of Applied Social Science

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The purpose of this article is to describe a unique and innovative program that uses an encounter with the justice system to offer a health care plan for a subset of people going through drug court. With the application of social theory to clinical practice, an intervention in the form of patient navigation is developed to meet the needs of these clients. The article offers a description of the program and evaluation tools that may be used for standardization and subsequent replication of this patient navigation model to improve negative birth outcomes. Constraints on choice may be used to explain the process of health care decision making for this subset of people going through a court-mandated drug program. Considering the effects of constrained choice as documented by Bird and Rieker, a model program was developed providing evidence of an increase in program compliance for drug court clients and a reduction in the negative health outcomes for this group of at-risk people. Patient navigation within the framework of the constrained choice model offers a cost-effective means of improving health care outcomes for vulnerable populations.

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Neighborhood Diversity Is Good for Your Health: An Example of Racial/Ethnic Integration and Preterm Birth in Texas

Vohra-Gupta,

Wood,

Kim

et al. 2024

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Racial concentration of neighborhoods is often associated with the risk of preterm birth (PTB) for women. This study examined differences between racially diverse and racially concentrated neighborhoods when examining preterm birth. Individual-level data were obtained from Texas natality files for 2009–2011, and neighborhood-level (i.e., census tract) data were obtained from the decennial census in 2010 and the American Community Survey 2005–2009. We used multilevel modeling to assess the association between neighborhood racial diversity and odds of PTB, after controlling for individual characteristics, neighborhood poverty, and population density. We found that neighborhood racial diversity and concentration matter for PTB. Results suggest that systemic racism is still key to understanding PTB. Furthermore, findings support policies that prevent displacement from gentrification of diverse neighborhoods and promote equal access to health-related resources for women in predominantly Black, Hispanic, and/or immigrant neighborhoods.

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An Epidemiology of Neighborhood Poverty: Causal Factors of Infant Mortality Among Blacks and Whites in the Metropolitan United States*

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

A Methodological Addition to the Cross‐national Empirical Literature on Social Structure and Homicide: A First Test of the Poverty‐homicide Thesis*

A Methodological Addition to the Cross‐national Empirical Literature on Social Structure and Homicide: A First Test of the Poverty‐homicide Thesis*

A Model Program for Patient Navigation

Neighborhood Diversity Is Good for Your Health: An Example of Racial/Ethnic Integration and Preterm Birth in Texas

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