An Epidemiological Perspective on Labor Trafficking

Gallo, Michael A.; Konrad, Renata; Thinyane, Hannah

doi:10.1080/23322705.2020.1815474

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Thus, by forcing their victims to commit illegal acts, traffickers can use social attribution of constructing the image of an individual as a criminal rather than someone whom they exploited. Furthermore, those who exploit others in labor trafficking can also see themselves as "helping" their victims and emphasize their dire circumstances even prior to being trafficked (Gallo et al, 2020).…”

Section: Actor-observer Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social psychology of human trafficking.

Dryjanska

2024

Psychological Perspectives on Human Trafficking: Theory, Research, Prevention, and Intervention.

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This chapter considers the insight that social psychology brings to human trafficking research and practice. It discusses the relevance of the social selfconcept, cognitive processes, and biases when perceiving persons, particularly human trafficking survivors and perpetrators. The chapter also explains how stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination can be especially devastating to human trafficking survivors, keeping them in bondage and providing justifications for inhumane treatment and refusal of dignity. It is worth noting some other relevant domains of social psychology would be helpful to explore in relation to human trafficking, for example, helping behavior and altruism.Social psychology has been defined as "a branch of psychology dedicated to the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to each other" (Sutton & Douglas, 2020, p. 3) or, in other words, "the scientific study of the feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of individuals in social situations" (Gilovich et al., 2019, p. 5). These definitions certainly delineate a very broad field, likely to touch on multiple aspects of individual lives. The core areas of interest to social psychologists include the social dimension of the selfconcept, social cognition (or how people perceive and think about others 6 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING

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Section: Actor-observer Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social psychology of human trafficking.

Dryjanska

2024

Psychological Perspectives on Human Trafficking: Theory, Research, Prevention, and Intervention.

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“…Although precise figures are elusive, the Global Estimates of Modern Slavery Report estimates that HT impacts 25M individuals and annually generates more than 150 billion USD in illicit gains globally [ 3 , 4 ]. HT is broadly classified as labor and sex trafficking; while all trafficking features exploitation, the actions and means by which HT occurs may differ [ 5 ]. Labor trafficking takes place in a wide variety of sectors, including the agriculture, domestic work, construction, fishing, food service, and beauty industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operations research and analytics to combat human trafficking: A systematic review of academic literature

et al. 2022

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Human trafficking is a widespread and compound social, economic, and human rights issue occurring in every region of the world. While there have been an increasing number of anti-human trafficking studies from the Operations Research and Analytics domains in recent years, no systematic review of this literature currently exists. We fill this gap by providing a systematic literature review that identifies and classifies the body of Operations Research and Analytics research related to the anti-human trafficking domain, thereby illustrating the collective impact of the field to date. We classify 142 studies to identify current trends in methodologies, theoretical approaches, data sources, trafficking contexts, target regions, victim-survivor demographics, and focus within the well-established 4Ps principles. Using these findings, we discuss the extent to which the current literature aligns with the global demographics of human trafficking and identify existing research gaps to propose an agenda for Operations Research and Analytics researchers.

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“…In the US, the National Human Trafficking Hotline reported 64,718 victims with high confidence for 2007-2020 [4], and an estimated 199,000 incidents of sexual exploitation of minors occur each year [5,6]. The vast array of physical, sexual, psychological and social problems faced by survivors of human trafficking make it an important public health concern [7,8], There has been growing recognition of the need for improvements in victim identification and service provision on the part of healthcare professionals [8][9][10] but also an acute need for more representative studies of this population [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Victims of human trafficking and exploitation in the healthcare system: a retrospective study using a large multi-state dataset and ICD-10 codes

Sokat

Gutfraind

Muscioni

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background. Trafficking and exploitation for sex or labor affects millions of persons worldwide, but their use of the healthcare system is not characterized systematically. In 2018 new ICD-10 codes were implemented in the US for diagnosis of patients who were victims of trafficking or exploitation but todate no comprehensive study reported on their medical journeys. Our objective was to examine the extent to which newly implemented ICD-10 codes pertaining to human trafficking were being used in the healthcare system, and to characterize the care received by the victims. Methods and Findings. Database search of a large US health insurer that contained approximately 43 million patients holding commercial or government-provided health insurance across the United States (US). For the dates 2018-09-01 to 2022-03-01, the dataset was found to contain 3,967 instances of the ICD-10 codes. In 31% of the cases, the codes were used as the principal or admitting diagnosis. Regression analysis of the codes found a 2% increase in the adoption of these codes. The codes were used by 1,532 distinct providers, the majority in non-hospital settings. The data contained 2301 patients of which 1025 were treated for recent exploitation or trafficking, which corresponds to identification of 13 new patients each week. Of the latter patients, 90.1% were victims of sexual exploitation, and 9.9% victims of labor exploitation. The patients were predominantly female (81%), insured by Medicaid (60%) and the median age was 20 (interquartile range: 15-35). Healthcare utilization over 12 months after diagnosis of trafficking was $32,192 (standard deviation: $160,730) - much greater than average for Medicaid patients ($6,556 per year in 2019). The victims were characterized by a high prevalence of mental health conditions, high utilization of the emergency department, and these persisted after diagnosis of exploitation. Surprisingly, 57% of the victims were first diagnosed outside hospitals, primarily during office and psychiatric visits, and only 25% were first diagnosed during an emergency department visit. Conclusions. The new ICD-10 codes provide valuable insights into the profiles and medical journeys of victims of trafficking. However, adoption of the codes is not widespread, increasing by only 2% per year and the majority of the victims are likely still not diagnosed by the new codes. Greater adoption, when consistent with patient safety, may improve care coordination and outcomes.

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An Epidemiological Perspective on Labor Trafficking

Cited by 6 publications

References 77 publications

Social psychology of human trafficking.

Social psychology of human trafficking.

Operations research and analytics to combat human trafficking: A systematic review of academic literature

Victims of human trafficking and exploitation in the healthcare system: a retrospective study using a large multi-state dataset and ICD-10 codes

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