An Epidemic of Pneumonic Plague

Kellogg, W. H.

doi:10.2105/ajph.10.7.599

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…PLAGUE PROTECTION AND F1 VARIANTS 2033 individuals disseminate the disease via aerosol transmission, precipitating its epidemic spread, particularly in crowded settings (31,50). Early efforts to conquer plague derived wholecell vaccines from the pathogen and demonstrated vaccine protection (27).…”

Section: Vol 76 2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

Yersinia pestis caf1Variants and the Limits of Plague Vaccine Protection

et al. 2008

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Yersinia pestis, the highly virulent agent of plague, is a biological weapon. Strategies that prevent plague have been sought for centuries, and immunization with live, attenuated (nonpigmented) strains or subunit vaccines with F1 (Caf1) antigen is considered effective. We show here that immunization with live, attenuated strains generates plague-protective immunity and humoral immune responses against F1 pilus antigen and LcrV. Y. pestis variants lacking caf1 (F1 pili) are not only fully virulent in animal models of bubonic and pneumonic plague but also break through immune responses generated with live, attenuated strains or F1 subunit vaccines. In contrast, immunization with purified LcrV, a protein at the tip of type III needles, generates protective immunity against the wild-type and the fully virulent caf1 mutant strain, in agreement with the notion that LcrV can elicit vaccine protection against both types of virulent plague strains.

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Section: Vol 76 2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

Yersinia pestis caf1Variants and the Limits of Plague Vaccine Protection

et al. 2008

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“…Expansion events occur in response to conditions that facilitate the dispersal of the infectious agent (32) or to the population dynamics of animal reservoirs (72), the flea vector (5), and human hosts (8,52). Recent epidemiologic surveys have indicated that plague is widespread throughout the wild rodent populations in the southwestern United States, Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe, central and southern Africa, as well as South America, where human populations are highly susceptible (12,16,19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunization with Recombinant V10 Protects Cynomolgus Macaques from Lethal Pneumonic Plague

et al. 2008

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Vaccine and therapeutic strategies that prevent infections with Yersinia pestis have been sought for over a century. Immunization with live attenuated (nonpigmented) strains and immunization with subunit vaccines containing recombinant low-calcium-response V antigen (rLcrV) and recombinant F1 (rF1) antigens are considered effective in animal models. Current antiplague subunit vaccines in development for utilization in humans contain both antigens, either as equal concentrations of the two components (rF1 plus rLcrV) or as a fusion protein (rF1-rLcrV). Here, we show that immunization with either purified rLcrV (a protein at the tip of type III needles) or a variant of this protein, recombinant V10 (rV10) (lacking amino acid residues 271 to 300), alone or in combination with rF1, prevented pneumonic lesions and disease pathogenesis. In addition, passive immunization studies showed that specific antibodies of macaques immunized with rLcrV, rV10, or rF1, either alone or in combination, conferred protection against bubonic plague challenge in mice. Finally, we found that when we compared the reactivities of anti-rLcrV and anti-rV10 immune sera from cynomolgus macaques, BALB/c mice, and brown Norway rats with LcrV-derived peptides, rV10, but not rLcrV immune sera, lacked antibodies recognizing linear LcrV oligopeptides.

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“…Meyer noted a similar scenario in the Oakland CA outbreak of pneumonic plague in 1919 [8]. Here, the index case was a hunter with bubonic plague and secondary plague pneumonia who infected another man living in the same house.…”

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confidence: 71%

Lessons learned from history on mode of transmission for control of pneumonic plague

Levison¹

2000

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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An Epidemic of Pneumonic Plague

Cited by 25 publications

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Yersinia pestis caf1Variants and the Limits of Plague Vaccine Protection

Yersinia pestis caf1Variants and the Limits of Plague Vaccine Protection

Immunization with Recombinant V10 Protects Cynomolgus Macaques from Lethal Pneumonic Plague

Lessons learned from history on mode of transmission for control of pneumonic plague

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